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Pegasus spyware used by governments targeted iOS by multiple weaponized zero-days recently

grg994
By grg994
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Summary

 

Pegasus spyware is developed and being sold to governments by Israeli tech firm NSO Group. Since the mid-2010s it's repeatedly using ever newer zero-day exploits to target iOS and sometimes Android phones too, infecting them by sending malicious messages, often requiring no user interaction. It steals many types information from multiple apps and even jailbroke the phone in some cases to hide - being described the most sophisticated smartphone attack ever.

Apart from the spyware, NSO Group also provided a cloud infrastructure for his clients to deliver and coordinate the attacks.

This caused recent outrage after an investigation lead by Amnesty International revealed it was used by governments of Azerbaijan, India, Saudi Arabia, Marocco, Mexico and others to target journalists and political figures.

 

Quotes

Quote

The Pegasus attacks detailed in this report and accompanying appendices are from 2014 up to as recently as July 2021. These also include so-called “zero-click” attacks which do not require any interaction from the target. Zero-click attacks have been observed since May 2018 and continue until now. Most recently, a successful “zero-click” attack has been observed exploiting multiple zero-days to attack a fully patched iPhone 12 running iOS 14.6 in July 2021.

 

iMessage zero-click 0-days return in 2021

The analysis Amnesty International conducted of several devices reveal traces of attacks similar to those we observed in 2019. These attacks have been observed as recently as July 2021. Amnesty International believes Pegasus is currently being delivered through zero-click exploits which remain functional through the latest available version of iOS at the time of writing (July 2021).

As is evident, the same iMessage account observed in the previous separate case was involved in this exploitation and compromise months later. The same CloudFront website was contacted by com.apple.coretelephony and the additional processes executed, downloaded and launched additional malicious components.

The initial check-in indicates the compromised iPhone 6s was running iOS 14.4 (build number 18D52) at the time of the attack. Although versions 14.4.1 and 14.4.2 were already available then, they only addressed vulnerabilities in WebKit, so it is safe to assume the vulnerability leveraged in these iMessage attacks was exploited as a 0-day.

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My thoughts

I find this story really concerning in multiple ways:

 - A company in Israel - which is a civilized "western" country - is allowed to export cyberweapons to countries where it is clear that it will be used to violate human rights. We have many international laws for prohibiting the export of weapons to given parts of the world, perhaps this should be extended to cyberweapons!?

 - We are saying Apple is much more secure then Android, but yet even in 2021 one is not safe even with a totally up-to-date Apple phone. (These type of network-exploitable no-user-interaction vulnerabilities in OS components are the worst possible.)

 - And the most serious: We have already seen the consequences when vulnerabilities are weaponized instead of reported. In 2017 NSA kept Windows' network drive sharing (SMB) bug for his purposes (EthernalBlue). A couple months later other malicious hackers found it too and WannaCry and Petya ransomwares crippled many critical networks. Many experts agreed after that event that keeping vulnerabilities for intelligence purposes just does not worth the risk and the possible consequences. If such an iOS bug as this would have been also found by someone else, they could have infected millions of iOS devices in a day with a malware. Will the governments ever learn?

 

Sources

https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2021/07/forensic-methodology-report-how-to-catch-nso-groups-pegasus/

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2021/jul/19/spyware-leak-suggests-lawyers-and-activists-at-risk-across-globe
https://www.theguardian.com/news/2021/jul/19/edward-snowden-calls-spyware-trade-ban-pegasus-revelations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegasus_(spyware) 

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Israel is one of the best cyber vulnerability crackers in the world. Almost every major government works with private companies in Israel to find, create, use, and deploy zero day exploits. An Israeli firm was the one who cracked the phone for the FBI after apple refused and then they also marketed and licensed that same technology to other government entities and even police forces use it straight from a USB device. My response is if you can't beat them join them maybe phone companies should start paying these guys to fix their stuff instead of Apple and other phone manufacturers being cheap about security.

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Lack of fragmentation may have actually worked against Apple here if this is true. Finding an exploit has a greater chance of affecting a large amount of devices vs finding an exploit for a phone line of a given Android manufacturer. 

My eyes see the past…

My camera lens sees the present…

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3 hours ago, WolframaticAlpha said:

Edward Snowden is right. Cyberweapon trade shouldn't be allowed

Why? It should be the opposite style of thinking. We should have better cyber security.

▓ƆԀ▓ S▓₱▓Ɇ▓c▓s▓: i7 6ʇɥפᴉƎ00K (4.4ghz), Asus DeLuxe X99A II, GT҉X҉1҉0҉8҉0 Zotac Amp ExTrꍟꎭe),Si6F4Gb D???????r PlatinUm, EVGA G2 Sǝʌǝᘉ5ᙣᙍᖇᓎᙎᗅᖶt, Phanteks Enthoo Primo, 3TB WD Black, 500gb 850 Evo, H100iGeeTeeX, Windows 10, K70 R̸̢̡̭͍͕̱̭̟̩̀̀̃́̃͒̈́̈́͑̑́̆͘͜ͅG̶̦̬͊́B̸͈̝̖͗̈́, G502, HyperX Cloud 2s, Asus MX34. פN∩SW∀S 960 EVO

Just keeping this here as a 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Posted
2 hours ago, BuckGup said:

Why? It should be the opposite style of thinking. We should have better cyber security.

Exactly companies should be spending money buying the exploits before the bad guys do and they should be spending money on cyber security and more developers.

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2 hours ago, BuckGup said:

Why? It should be the opposite style of thinking. We should have better cyber security.

It's a never ending game.  Writing code for an OS isn't easy.  And you can't catch all senarios.  You'd be in beta phase for 50 years.  Also, You can't sell new phones if you don't have a way of obsoleting your old devices by refusing to put out new updates.

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53 minutes ago, TargetDron3 said:

 Also, You can't sell new phones if you don't have a way of obsoleting your old devices by refusing to put out new updates.

Good thing Apple supports their devices for 5 years and even beyond with critical bugs

▓ƆԀ▓ S▓₱▓Ɇ▓c▓s▓: i7 6ʇɥפᴉƎ00K (4.4ghz), Asus DeLuxe X99A II, GT҉X҉1҉0҉8҉0 Zotac Amp ExTrꍟꎭe),Si6F4Gb D???????r PlatinUm, EVGA G2 Sǝʌǝᘉ5ᙣᙍᖇᓎᙎᗅᖶt, Phanteks Enthoo Primo, 3TB WD Black, 500gb 850 Evo, H100iGeeTeeX, Windows 10, K70 R̸̢̡̭͍͕̱̭̟̩̀̀̃́̃͒̈́̈́͑̑́̆͘͜ͅG̶̦̬͊́B̸͈̝̖͗̈́, G502, HyperX Cloud 2s, Asus MX34. פN∩SW∀S 960 EVO

Just keeping this here as a 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Posted
5 hours ago, StDragon said:

Was Apple complicit in not plugging this hole if they were aware of it? I'm waiting for that other shoe to drop.

If they knew about the exploit and knew it was weaponized and did nothing to attempt to patch it, yeah. If they knew about it and simply were unable to patch it, then no. 

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Posted
9 hours ago, StDragon said:

Was Apple complicit in not plugging this hole if they were aware of it? I'm waiting for that other shoe to drop.

This exact situation with the same (albeit earlier) piece of malware played out a year ago and Apple patched it out as soon as they were made aware.

 

They're not colluding with authoritarian regimes, lol. Hell, look how much shit (and refusals) they give their local governments over requests for access.

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2 hours ago, Roswell said:

They're not colluding with Authoritarian regimes, lol. Hell, look how much shit (and refusals) they give their local governments over requests for access.

In the US market, sure. I'm convinced that in order to solve a legal problem of complying with a court order, and all resource sucking burden it puts on apple, they instead solved it with an engineering solution. In the case of encryption, they hand it off to the end-user specifically to keep Apple out of the loop. Apple, couldn't comply because they physically can't!

 

As for other nations where is the law to build in a backdoor framework, either Apple complies or they go home. Money talks, so guess what they do?

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1 hour ago, StDragon said:

In the US market, sure. I'm convinced that in order to solve a legal problem of complying with a court order, and all resource sucking burden it puts on apple, they instead solved it with an engineering solution. In the case of encryption, they hand it off to the end-user specifically to keep Apple out of the loop. Apple, couldn't comply because they physically can't!

 

As for other nations where is the law to build in a backdoor framework, either Apple complies or they go home. Money talks, so guess what they do?

You need to remove some of the tinfoil.

 

There are only 4 variants of each model. US and Canada/China/Japan/World. They're not modifying phones for each country, they all come from the same stockpile with the same hardware.

 

As far as not doing business in certain countries, yeah... they go home, a lot. They only have physical presence in 25 countries. If you want an iPhone in a lot of third-world countries, you're importing it.

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1 hour ago, Roswell said:

You need to remove some of the tinfoil.

The irony is that if anyone mentioned "Pegasus spyware" prior to this news breaking, you would probably be telling them the same thing. Yet here we are. At this point, it's very rational to start pontificating the state of cyber security no matter how off the wall it would seem.

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13 hours ago, Zodiark1593 said:

Lack of fragmentation may have actually worked against Apple here if this is true. Finding an exploit has a greater chance of affecting a large amount of devices vs finding an exploit for a phone line of a given Android manufacturer. 

That really isn't how it would work.  Android being fragmented and less updated (or slower updates by manufacturers) means an exploit found in Android will affect a large amount of devices for longer.

 

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14 hours ago, BuckGup said:

Why? It should be the opposite style of thinking. We should have better cyber security.

No system is foolproof. There are always going to be security flaws. What you can do, is stop selling software that hacks other people. 

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14 hours ago, BuckGup said:

Why? It should be the opposite style of thinking. We should have better cyber security.

C'mon dude, I know that you understand why this is a flawed standpoint.

12 hours ago, SlidewaysZ said:

Exactly companies should be spending money buying the exploits before the bad guys do and they should be spending money on cyber security and more developers.

Companies don't buy exploits, they might pay ethical hackers to submit exploits to them but the 2 things are not even similar. Its a trust thing, individuals who discover exploits can choose to use the exploit or submit it, not all individuals are trustworthy.

11 hours ago, DrMacintosh said:

If they knew about the exploit and knew it was weaponized and did nothing to attempt to patch it, yeah. If they knew about it and simply were unable to patch it, then no. 

The fact it was a 0 Day implies they didn't know until after it had been weaponised.

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23 minutes ago, WolframaticAlpha said:

No system is foolproof. There are always going to be security flaws. What you can do, is stop selling software that hacks other people. 

Mmhhh... no.

Don't hate the player, hate the game.

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Just now, suicidalfranco said:

Mmhhh... no.

Don't hate the player, hate the game.

Its easy to criticise, its much harder to construct.

 

Can you give an example of how its possible to stop "the game"?

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Just now, suicidalfranco said:

Mmhhh... no.

Don't hate the player, hate the game.

yeah, and the game is selling spyware. Idk why would anyone defend a spyware company. Don't sell spyware, simple as that. I am not saying that people should stop researching security flaws. But if you do, report it to the manufacturer. Kind of like the apple wifi fiasco. Don't weaponise security flaws. 

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11 minutes ago, Master Disaster said:

Its easy to criticise, its much harder to construct.

 

Can you give an example of how its possible to stop "the game"?

Stop the game would mean manufacturer would actually have to invest in making their software bulletproof, sure nothing in sw ever is and it always becomes a cat and mouse thing.

But sure as heck I'm not going to blame hackers for their hustle.

14 minutes ago, WolframaticAlpha said:

yeah, and the game is selling spyware. Idk why would anyone defend a spyware company. Don't sell spyware, simple as that. I am not saying that people should stop researching security flaws. But if you do, report it to the manufacturer. Kind of like the apple wifi fiasco. Don't weaponise security flaws. 

No the game is manufacturers releasing hole ridden software. If you don't want people to sell spyware then make it so that reporting is more profitable than weaponizing it. If not than sorry, but my hats off to hackers for hustling their way to top with it.

One day I will be able to play Monster Hunter Frontier in French/Italian/English on my PC, it's just a matter of time... 4 5 6 7 8 9 years later: It's finally coming!!!

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2 minutes ago, suicidalfranco said:

Stop the game would mean manufacturer would actually have to invest in making their software bulletproof, sure nothing in sw ever is and it always becomes a cat and mouse thing.

But sure as heck I'm not going to blame hackers for their hustle.

No the game is manufacturers releasing hole ridden software. If you don't want people to sell spyware then make it so that reporting is more profitable than weaponizing it. If not than sorry, but my hats off to hackers for hustling their way to top with it.

Rule 1 of all systems is that nothing is bulletproof

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2 minutes ago, WolframaticAlpha said:

Rule 1 of all systems is that nothing is bulletproof

Then find they flaw before someone else does.

Or make your bounty program more profitable than selling the hack to a third party.

Manufacturers have options, they simply ignore both of them.

One day I will be able to play Monster Hunter Frontier in French/Italian/English on my PC, it's just a matter of time... 4 5 6 7 8 9 years later: It's finally coming!!!

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<>EVs are bad, they kill the planet and remove freedoms too some/<>

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