What is after 1nm?

[pcshme33]

So this just came into my mind, what comes after 1nm, and what is going to happen to the pc building industry? 

[Nineshadow]

0.9 nm

/s

[AlphaPolack]

http://molbiol.edu.ru/eng/scripts/01_08.html

[Knaj]

Picometer

[RuLeZ]

The limit is 5nm, not 1nm, we need then another way to build computers, another material, and maybe for some time just build 3d chips.

[byalexandr]

Nano>Pico>Femto.... I forget the rest.

[Knaj]

1 minute ago, RuLeZ said:

The limit is 5nm, not 1nm, we need then another way to build computers, another material, and maybe for some time just build 3d chips.

I saw this one thing about another technology being created that can go below that limit.

Not sure what it's called though.

[Enderman]

Section	Range (m)		Unit	Example Items
	≥	<
Planck length	？	10−35	ℓP	Quantum foam
Subatomic	10−35	10−15	am	Electron, quark, string
Atomic and cellular	10−15	10−12	fm	Atomic nucleus, proton, neutron
	10−12	10−9	pm	Wavelength of gamma rays and X-rays, hydrogen atom
	10−9	10−6	nm	DNA helix, virus, wavelength of optical spectrum
Human scale	10−6	10−3	μm	Bacterium, fog water droplet, human hair's diameter[1]
	10−3	100	mm	Mosquito, golf ball, domestic cat, violin, football
	100	103	m	Cello, human, automobile, sperm whale, football field, Eiffel Tower
	103	106	km	Walt Disney World, Mount Everest, length of Panama Canal and Trans-Siberian Railway, larger asteroid
Astronomical	106	109	Mm	The Moon, Earth, one light-second
	109	1012	Gm	Sun, one light-minute, Earth's orbit
	1012	1015	Tm	Orbits of outer planets, Solar System
	1015	1018	Pm	One light-year; distance to Proxima Centauri
	1018	1021	Em	Galactic arm
	1021	1024	Zm	Milky Way, distance to Andromeda Galaxy
	1024		Ym	Huge-LQG, Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall, visible universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(length)

[straight_stewie]

8 minutes ago, EnemySp0tt3d said:

So this just came into my mind, what comes after 1nm, and what is going to happen to the pc building industry? 

Actually, the industry doesn't think that they will get that small using transistor based logic. It's highly likely that there will be major changes in how computers work before we ever get that small. Another problem is that the crystal structure of Silicon only has a spacing of around .5nM so we know that we can never get smaller than that using Silicon as a base. The main problem though is quantum tunneling becomes a problem below 6nM. There are ideas proposed that can get around this, either by preventing it, or using it to our advantage. 

Look up Spintronics that's likely to be where most of our next major advancements are going to come from.

[BingoFishy]

13 minutes ago, RuLeZ said:

The limit is 5nm, not 1nm, we need then another way to build computers, another material, and maybe for some time just build 3d chips.

 

11 minutes ago, Knaj said:

I saw this one thing about another technology being created that can go below that limit.

Not sure what it's called though.

Quantum computing. It uses quantum tunneling.

 

[Okjoek]

I think we'll need to find an alternative to silicon.

[Liquid Cooled Human]

8 minutes ago, Okjoek said:

I think we'll need to find an alternative to silicon.

Definetly, the space between the nuclei of a silicon atom and its electons/energy feilds is greater than other atoms.

[EdwardBrown]

27 minutes ago, RuLeZ said:

The limit is 5nm, not 1nm, we need then another way to build computers, another material, and maybe for some time just build 3d chips.

According to engineers at ARM I've talked to the limit is 10nm.

[Liquid Cooled Human]

2 minutes ago, EdwardBrown said:

According to engineers at ARM I've talked to the limit is 10nm.

That's due to heat decipation issues. They're trying to use ways to cool it without it thermel throttling.

[fortsatt regn]

3 hours ago, EnemySp0tt3d said:

So this just came into my mind, what comes after 1nm, and what is going to happen to the pc building industry? 

We're not going to come close to that small with silicon alone.

[themctipers]

then quantum tunnelling starts to become a big problem. 

 

[BuckGup]

There may be no need to get smaller with things like quantum computers. Take a look at clock speeds. They have stayed the same for many years never changing that much on the dye size. It is also like NVME same technology as a normal TLD Nand but more advanced way to solve the problem or way to think about it. Judging how long it takes to get a CPU out I guarantee we things in labs that are not silicon and yield better results. As for cooling, water seems to be the only option.

[straight_stewie]

1 minute ago, SamStrecker said:

As for cooling, water seems to be the only option.

Water is no where near enough for quantum computing. The only functional quantum computers use closed loop helium cooling because they need to be at near absolute zero for the particles to not change energy states and untangle.

[BuckGup]

13 hours ago, straight_stewie said:

Water is no where near enough for quantum computing. The only functional quantum computers use closed loop helium cooling because they need to be at near absolute zero for the particles to not change energy states and untangle.

Yeah for quantum I am saying consumer grade stuff around 6nm. Within the next 5 years

[SLAYR]

12 minutes ago, SamStrecker said:

Yeah for quantum I am saying consumer grade stuff around 6nm. Within the next 5 years

Unless they are also going to have liquid helium cooling also commercially available then it won't happen you need near absolute zero temperatures (0K, -273.15C, -459F) to create the superconductors.

 

http://www.dwavesys.com/tutorials/background-reading-series/introduction-d-wave-quantum-hardware#h2-5

[straight_stewie]

19 minutes ago, SamStrecker said:

Yeah for quantum I am saying consumer grade stuff around 6nm. Within the next 5 years

You have no idea how quantum computers work do you? Die size has very minimal bearing on the performance of a quantum machine, unless you are using quantum tunneling, then smaller will generally be better (because large die sizes don't even allow it to occur). 

You have to remember that a quantum computer that is based around entanglement (the only working ones we have right now), and not tunneling, doesn't receive any performance benefit from small size. Particles that are entangled and that stay entangled are supposedly entangled no matter where they are in the universe, some theoretical physicists even think they may stay entangled when one particle is in another universe. In fact, smaller may not be better, because it can make it more difficult to cool the chip, which must be cooled to near absolute zero.

[Dresta]

Quantum Computers are useless for now,there expensive,hard to produce,and have allot of disadvantages over a normal computer

[SLAYR]

12 minutes ago, Dresta said:

Quantum Computers are useless for now,there expensive,hard to produce,and have allot of disadvantages over a normal computer

There are plenty of uses for quantum computing otherwise why would people be wanting to make them?

 

They are useless if you are trying to run normal programs that would run on a regular computer, and no it will not run crysis.

 

But they will be very useful for things such as AI.

[Dresta]

1 minute ago, SLAYR said:

There are plenty of uses for quantum computing otherwise why would people be wanting to make them?

 

They are useless if you are trying to run normal programs that would run on a regular computer, and no it will not run crysis.

 

But they will be very useful for things such as AI.

There useless for a standard,expensive,hard to produce and ALLOT of disadvantages of a normal pc,BUT HEY they are still the future!

[SageOfSpice]

Singularity processors. A little dash of black hole, and a bit of ingenuity... 

 

They'll have to measure the frequency by going back in time.

 

And yes, it'll run minecraft.