Simple portable Ethernet port tester - does this really not exist?
You can't have very simple and cheap ethernet port testers because you basically need to have an ethernet card connected to the port, and have that card send some data and receive data back from the switch or from the ethernet card on the other end.
You don't just have some voltage on the pins in the ethernet jack, ethernet uses pairs of wires and you need a tiny transformer on each pair of wires for isolation purposes, so the signal on wires is not continuous, it's pulses of electricity.
The cable testers you can buy cheaply online work in a totally different way... the end piece simply has some resistors or some transistors and leds (dumb side) and the main piece sends continuous DC voltage through each wire and on the other end if the voltage comes through the wire then you know that wire is connected properly in the ethernet cable. These testers are just for testing if the wires are properly crimped in the ethernet jacks, they can't tell you if you have an ethernet card or a switch at the other end.
You could make something in the form of a usb stick with a microcontroller , a cheap ethernet controller IC and jack with magnetics built-in but the total BOM would cost you 5-10$ at least.
A raspberri pi could be something cheap, you could write some code that would light up a led when the ethernet card receives an IP from a switch through dhcp or something, so when you plug the pi into the functional port
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