Help me to achieve 10 GBit/s internet speed (troubleshooting)
Remember that Cat 7 isn't an official ethernet spec. My first thought - if Windows doesn't always show the link speed as being 10gbit/s - is that the cable is low quality. VERY few people actually push the limits of these things, so companies can "get away" with selling consumers sub standard cabling, since 99.9% of them will never know the difference.
This is especially likely since you randomly seem to get 2.5gbit/s from the cable. That means that interference is impacting it, and when interference is high, your link speed drops. I'm about 95% certain the primary issue is the ethernet cabling.
Buy a respected, high quality Cat 6A cable (Cat 6A is an actual official standard for 10Gbe, unlike Cat 7 which is an unofficial marketing term since 6A was ratified) from a brand you trust. Don't skimp on the cable, to get the full capacity of your equipment, the shielding has to be exceptional.
Everything else people said here is 100% accurate though. Even after you get all your devices at home connecting and communicating at 10gbit/s, don't expect 10gbit/s to anything except multi-homing tier 1 providers like CDN's. The best way to test this would be, after getting your link speed sorted with a proper cable, you'll need to test multiple servers at once. A good idea would be to monitor task manager whilst downloading from Steam, downloading some Linux images via bittorrent, and running a few speed tests. At 10gbit/s you're pushing the limits of what any one source can deliver.
TL;DR: @Falk "Cat 7" cabling means it is better than Cat 6 (in theory), but doesn't officially support 10gbps speeds over copper, since then it would be Cat 6A. It hasn't actually been ratified for 10gbps speeds and you should buy a high quality Cat 6A cable as 10gbps is what it's designed and rated for.
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