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UPDATE: Google Docs Phishing scheme released to the wild then struck a hard blow

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In an event that was over very shortly after it began, an email phishing scheme that would request access to your Google Docs, then rip out all of your contacts to replicate itself was swiftly dealt with after a Google staff member noticed a trending topic on the Google reddit thread.  From Ars Technica:

 

https://arstechnica.com/security/2017/05/google-docs-phish-worm-grabs-your-google-app-permissions-contacts/

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The e-mail uses a technique that a Trend Micro report linked last week to Pawn Storm, an ongoing espionage campaign frequently attributed to Russian intelligence operations. The attack uses the OAuth authentication interface, which is also used by many Web services to allow users to log in without using a password. By abusing OAuth, the attack is able to present a legitimate Google dialogue box requesting authorization. However, the authentication also asks permission for access to "view and manage your e-mail" and "view and manage the files in your Google Drive."

 

The fake application used in the Pawn Storm phish (which posed as a Google security alert) was named "Google Defender." Today's phish asks the target to grant access to "Google Docs"—a fake application using the name of Google's service. If the target grants permission, the malicious site will immediately harvest contacts from the target's e-mail and send copies of the original message to them.

As for how this issue was resolved, Bleeping Computers Article:

 

https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/it-took-google-one-hour-to-shut-down-massive-self-replicating-phishing-campaign/

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Because of this self-replicating feature, the phishing attack spread like wildfire in a few minutes, just like the old Samy worm that devasted MySpace over a decade ago.

 

Fortunately, one Google staff member was visting the /r/Google Reddit thread, and was able to spot a trending topic detailing the phishing campaign.

 

The Google engineer forwarded the Reddit thread to the right person, and within an hour after users first complained about the issue, Google had already disabled the fake app's ability to access the Google OAuth screen.

 

Later on, as engineers had more time to investigate the issue, Google issued the following statement:

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We have taken action to protect users against an email impersonating Google Docs & have disabled offending accounts. We’ve removed the fake pages, pushed updates through Safe Browsing, and our abuse team is working to prevent this kind of spoofing from happening again. We encourage users to report phishing emails in Gmail.

There are no reports that malware was deployed in the phishing attack. Cloudflare was also quick to take down all the domains associated with the phishing attack.

 

Users that clicked on the button inside the phishing email can go to the https://myaccount.google.com/permissions page and see if they granted the app permission to access their account. The real Google Docs isn't listed in this section, as it does not need permissions, being an official Google property.

 

It is good to see that Google's security team was quick to annihilate this worm as opposed to allowing it to roam in the wild for any length of time.

 

UPDATE:  In an update on the security vulnerabilities used to create the malicious phishing script, it appears that this type attack may have been known about since late 2011 and that there may not be anything in place to prevent this kind of attack in the future...  Ars Technica has provided a bit more information on how the attack was accomplished and how the fact that Google's own authentication API doesn't provide a way to make it clear the applications author is not associated with Google may also be partially to blame.  In addition, some of the ideas and scripting behind this attack may have been inspired by a security researchers blog post in February to try and raise awareness of this security vulnerability...

 

https://arstechnica.com/security/2017/05/google-phishing-attack-was-foretold-by-researchers-and-it-may-have-used-their-code/

 

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Security researcher Greg Carson said that he discovered the issue while his company was migrating users to Google Apps for Enterprise users. "Our team noted this as a risk and informed our users," he explained to Ars via e-mail. "I fleshed out a full PoC on my blog to try to raise awareness because no one had done so to my knowledge. I don't think Google fully understood how severely this could be abused, but certainly hackers did."

 

Carson said that he initially believed the phishing attack essentially just copied and pasted the Google Apps Script code from his GitHub page or from snippets of the code in his blog post. But Carson revised that theory after doing a bit more analysis on the phishing attack. "Looking through [the phishing attack] closely, I don't believe any code was ripped directly," he said. "One of their for loops looked similar to mine, but it isn't a direct copy, so I don't think it's fair to claim that."

 

However, whoever was behind the "Google Docs" e-mail did exactly what Carson discussed in his post. Using a malicious webpage and Google's own authentication interfaces, the attacker was able to gain access to victims' Gmail accounts and harvest contacts to further spread the phishing campaign using the victims' own accounts.

 

"I end the post by talking about how this attack is extremely dangerous," Carson noted. "You can enumerate all of a user's contacts and then send an e-mail to each of them using the victim's account. It's highly deceptive for unaware users as it appears to come from a legitimate contact, and it's hosted by Google. It's a worm of sorts for the modern era, and since the e-mail may appear trusted at a glance, it could be used to link to malicious websites and downloads."

 

Carson had also warned of other attack cases based on malicious Web applications leveraging Google's authentication system, based on the OAuth 2 standard. An attacker could conceivably use keyword searches to identify and harvest sensitive documents off of a Google Drive account. "I wouldn't be surprised if future phishing campaigns employ these techniques."

This seems like a fairly serious issue that Google is going to need to figure out a long-term fix for concerning OAuth attacks mimicking Google authorization...

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Hahah my school got destroyed by this. Someone clicked on it and it went to everyone in the domain then a bunch of people starting clicking on it. Was it just phising or was it worse?

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Just keeping this here as a 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9 minutes ago, SamStrecker said:

Hahah my school got destroyed by this. Someone clicked on it and it went to everyone in the domain then a bunch of people starting clicking on it. Was it just phising or was it worse?

Ars just released another article providing more information on the method that was used:

https://arstechnica.com/security/2017/05/dont-trust-oauth-why-the-google-docs-worm-was-so-convincing/

 

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The downside to having a worm so closely tied to Google's infrastructure is that Google has some control over it. The company shut down the OAuth request, redirecting users to an error page. Google also auto-revoked the permissions from everyone's account. For a time the worm had total access to the victim's e-mail, so in addition to spamming all your contacts, it could have copied all your e-mails (and all your Hangouts chats) to a third-party server. In the future this could be used for more phishing attempts, since the nefarious party knows your e-mail and product combinations. It could also be used for a public dump of VIP e-mails, like what happened to the DNC.

While there is no indication of Malware being deployed with this, the simple idea of this worm having full access and control over your email account could be damaging...  Sounds like Google is going to have to work on their OAuth feature/pages.

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2 hours ago, SamStrecker said:

Hahah my school got destroyed by this. Someone clicked on it and it went to everyone in the domain then a bunch of people starting clicking on it. Was it just phising or was it worse?

Mine did too. Midway through the day they had a PA announcement saying to not open any of those emails.

 

Needless to say, kids kept doing it and I kept getting new emails. Surprising.

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UPDATE:  In an update on the security vulnerabilities used to create the malicious phishing script, it appears that this type attack may have been known about since late 2011 and that there may not be anything in place to prevent this kind of attack in the future...  Ars Technica has provided a bit more information on how the attack was accomplished and how the fact that Google's own authentication API doesn't provide a way to make it clear the applications author is not associated with Google may also be partially to blame.  In addition, some of the ideas and scripting behind this attack may have been inspired by a security researchers blog post in February to try and raise awareness of this security vulnerability...
 
https://arstechnica.com/security/2017/05/google-phishing-attack-was-foretold-by-researchers-and-it-may-have-used-their-code/

 

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Security researcher Greg Carson said that he discovered the issue while his company was migrating users to Google Apps for Enterprise users. "Our team noted this as a risk and informed our users," he explained to Ars via e-mail. "I fleshed out a full PoC on my blog to try to raise awareness because no one had done so to my knowledge. I don't think Google fully understood how severely this could be abused, but certainly hackers did."
 
Carson said that he initially believed the phishing attack essentially just copied and pasted the Google Apps Script code from his GitHub page or from snippets of the code in his blog post. But Carson revised that theory after doing a bit more analysis on the phishing attack. "Looking through [the phishing attack] closely, I don't believe any code was ripped directly," he said. "One of their for loops looked similar to mine, but it isn't a direct copy, so I don't think it's fair to claim that."
 
However, whoever was behind the "Google Docs" e-mail did exactly what Carson discussed in his post. Using a malicious webpage and Google's own authentication interfaces, the attacker was able to gain access to victims' Gmail accounts and harvest contacts to further spread the phishing campaign using the victims' own accounts.
 
"I end the post by talking about how this attack is extremely dangerous," Carson noted. "You can enumerate all of a user's contacts and then send an e-mail to each of them using the victim's account. It's highly deceptive for unaware users as it appears to come from a legitimate contact, and it's hosted by Google. It's a worm of sorts for the modern era, and since the e-mail may appear trusted at a glance, it could be used to link to malicious websites and downloads."
 
Carson had also warned of other attack cases based on malicious Web applications leveraging Google's authentication system, based on the OAuth 2 standard. An attacker could conceivably use keyword searches to identify and harvest sensitive documents off of a Google Drive account. "I wouldn't be surprised if future phishing campaigns employ these tec

This seems like a fairly serious issue that Google is going to need to figure out a long-term fix for concerning OAuth attacks mimicking Google authorization...

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