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CPU overclocking 101

asheenlevrai
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Hi :)

 

After more than 20y of using and building PCs I finally might begin to maybe consider the possibility of eventually give overclocking a try... ;)

 

I am currently looking for information and tutorials directed to noobs that have ZERO knowledge on how overclocking works and how it's done.

I understand that I need to rely on recent info since this topic is kinda dynamic and platform-dependent.

 

I have a basic question here:

Modern CPUs have their base clock and their boost clock.

What about when they get overclocked? Do they run at constant (overclocked) speed or is it possible to just set a higher boost clock?

 

Thanks :)

-a-

 

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5 minutes ago, asheenlevrai said:

Do they run at constant (overclocked) speed or is it possible to just set a higher boost clock?

Up to you. Some people insist on running their PCs at max speed at all times and some like to let the PC cool down when under light load. I belong in the latter group, myself.

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2 minutes ago, WereCatf said:

Up to you. Some people insist on running their PCs at max speed at all times and some like to let the PC cool down when under light load. I belong in the latter group, myself.

Thanks a lot. I would prefer variable clocks too.

Now, do people just set a higher boost clock (so the delta between base clock and boost clock increases) or are those clocks somehow linked (delta must remain the same) and thus the base clock needs to be increased as well?

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Just now, asheenlevrai said:

Now, do people just set a higher boost clock (so the delta between base clock and boost clock increases) or are those clocks somehow linked (delta must remain the same) and thus the base clock needs to be increased as well?

No, when you adjust the clock-ratio, it sets the maximum, but the minimum doesn't change.

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25 minutes ago, Caroline said:

Think about this: do you really need to overclock (and overvolt) your chip? or you just want to do it because it's a trend between gamers to run their CPUs at 5GHz for no reason?

 

I had an ancient AMD chip and overclocked the everloving F out of it for years in order to run Windows 7 and some games at 480p, but now I have a 3800X and it's just smooth, no need to do anything, the only thing I tuned was the memory frequency because it was running at 2133MHz by default.

For it to be stable you should avoid boost clock, it's a headache to test compared to regular core clock speed. If you keep the C-states enabled you can make it idle at lower frequencies and use less voltage. Everything's done manually and through the BIOS setup, avoid using any "Auto OC" stuff or messing with the clocks via the OS.

Not all chips will be able to hit the same speed using the same voltage.

Thanks a lot for this detailed and clear reply. (I will need to google c-state though  -> this?)

 

I don't game. I may consider overclocking to speed up calculation tasks that we perform at work or maybe for file conversion (transcoding) or stuff like that.

It isn't all that clear yet but I want to learn the basics so I can find out what can and what cannot be done through overclocking (especially with older CPU models)

 

Thanks

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4 minutes ago, Caroline said:

As new mobos don't feature a northbridge anymore you can't increase the chipset or BCLK frequency anymore so you can only overclock by tuning the CPU (and RAM of course).

That's not all true. You can still change the BCLK on motherboards and there are many other buses and ratio aside from just the core clock you can modify. It gets a bit tricky as it changes from generation to generation like the ring ratio. On haswell it had a big impact but on skylake it didn't really do anything.  

▓ƆԀ▓ S▓₱▓Ɇ▓c▓s▓: i7 6ʇɥפᴉƎ00K (4.4ghz), Asus DeLuxe X99A II, GT҉X҉1҉0҉8҉0 Zotac Amp ExTrꍟꎭe),Si6F4Gb D???????r PlatinUm, EVGA G2 Sǝʌǝᘉ5ᙣᙍᖇᓎᙎᗅᖶt, Phanteks Enthoo Primo, 3TB WD Black, 500gb 850 Evo, H100iGeeTeeX, Windows 10, K70 R̸̢̡̭͍͕̱̭̟̩̀̀̃́̃͒̈́̈́͑̑́̆͘͜ͅG̶̦̬͊́B̸͈̝̖͗̈́, G502, HyperX Cloud 2s, Asus MX34. פN∩SW∀S 960 EVO

Just keeping this here as a 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1 hour ago, asheenlevrai said:

What about when they get overclocked? Do they run at constant (overclocked) speed or is it possible to just set a higher boost clock?

It's both. Many people settle for a constant overclock because it's slightly easier to do but, more importantly, easier to get stable.

It is preferential from a CPU lifetime aspect to let your CPU scale it's clock speed up and down instead of running high all the time. This is because when the clock speed goes up, so does the voltage and the temperature, and both of these things are the enemy of a long-lived CPU.

As an aside, to solve this problem some people do the overclock to a constant speed, and afterwards try to get it stable with boost (or whatever it's called) enabled. In my opinion though, don't do it this way. A computer is a complex system, you are bound to give yourself a headache trying to figure out why an overclock without turboboost enabled suddenly isn't stable when it is enabled. If your goal is to overclock the boost frequency, then start out by overclocking the boost frequency.

There are many different patterns and ways to go about processor overclocking. But I would recommend a different approach to a first time overclocker: Don't overclock your CPU, yet. First overclock your GPU, because it's easier, less dangerous (the GPU generally won't let you harm it), and it still teaches you the process of overclocking, which boils down to this:

  1. Change a setting
  2. Check for stability
  3. Check for performance improvements
  4. Repeat until step 2 fails
    1. Once that happens, back down to the last known stable configuration.

Of course, that is a simplified version of overclocking, but it's the basic framework of how things are done.

 

Personally, I use a method that takes freaking forever, but can result in a fairly optimal, extremely stable, "system-wide" (CPU, RAM, GPU) overclock suitable for daily use.

ENCRYPTION IS NOT A CRIME

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