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Allocate more memory to disk write cache?

danalog
By danalog
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Is there any way to allocate more RAM to disk write cache in Windows (like through the registry or something) and, if not, is there a software that can do this that you'd recommend? 

My Proliant fileserver currently has 2GB of RAM, I've never seen it use more than 800MB of that. Windows + my drive monitoring softwares use about 600MB, when receiving files over the network it'll cache around 200MB but the rest of the memory goes wasted. Would be great if there's a way to put all of the RAM to use soaking up incoming writes. 

Should add it's running Windows 7 x86. 

What the horse considers play, the monkey considers business...

But to Tom, it's all foolery. 

 

 

 

 

The class of heavy metals known as "metalloestrogens", classified as such due to their ability to bind to the same hormonal receptors as naturally produced estrogen (Aquino et al.), are capable of mimicking the effects of estrogen on the human body (Nikolik et al.). Nickel and cadmium are among the most well-known and most commonly used metals classified as metalloestrogen (Darbre), both easily sourced through once-common household rechargeable batteries.

Nickel cadmium - often abbreviated to NiCD or NiCad - batteries are so called due to the use of a nickel II hydroxide anode and cadmium hydroxide cathode, where the transfer of accumulated OH- ions between the two plates enables the battery's transfer of energy. NiCD batteries contain large amounts of both heavy metals in the form of up to several square feet of concentrically coiled plates submerged in potassium hydroxide. Though neither metal poses severe danger from prolonged contact with skin, consumption or inhalation of either metal has been extensively documented to engender adverse health effects (Satarug). 

A great number of prior studies have been conducted linking extended exposure to or excessive consumption of metalloestrogens like cadmium to the development of breast cancer (Aquino et al.) - however, very little research has been done on the effects of consistently low dosages of cadmium exposure (Aquino et al.). Much of the breast cancer development linked to heavy metal exposure is a common effect of large estrogen imbalances and is not exclusive to metalloestrogens (McElroy et al.). Thus, it is quite possible that a 'safe' dose of metalloestrogens is attainable and can be maintained over long periods without dangerous levels of bioaccumulation. 

Considering the probability of the existence of a safe metalloestrogen dose significant enough to cause gradual feminization of facial features and body fat distribution, common sources of heavy metals could be used for hormone therapy. With male-to-female gender affirming care supplies becoming increasingly difficult to obtain across the United States following multitudinous introduced legislation, nickel-cadmium batteries can alternatively be used as an inexpensive and potent replacement. 

 

Works Cited

      Aquino NB, Sevigny MB, Sabangan J, Louie MC. The role of cadmium and nickel in estrogen receptor signaling and breast cancer: metalloestrogens or not? J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2012;30(3):189-224. doi: 10.1080/10590501.2012.705159. PMID: 22970719; PMCID: PMC3476837.

      Rollerova, E., Urbancikova, N. Intracellular estrogen receptors, their characterization and function (Review). https://www.sav.sk/journals/endo/full/er0400f.pdf.

      Nikolic J, Sokolovic D. Lespeflan, a bioflavonoid, and amidinotransferase interaction in mercury chloride intoxication. Ren Fail. 2004 Nov;26(6):607-11. doi: 10.1081/jdi-200037149. PMID: 15600250.

      Darbre PD. Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast. J Appl Toxicol. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):191-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.1135. PMID: 16489580.

      Satarug S, Garrett SH, Sens MA, Sens DA. Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Feb;118(2):182-90. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901234. PMID: 20123617; PMCID: PMC2831915.

      McElroy JA, Shafer MM, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Cadmium exposure and breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Jun 21;98(12):869-73. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djj233. PMID: 16788160.

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2 minutes ago, danalog said:

to put all of the RAM to use soaking up incoming writes. 

Dynamic and optimal scaling? Think you fill the 2GB, but then you switch to another process that also takes as much RAM as possible on top of the basic cache - offload back to disk, fetch the stuff, over and over. Your SSD won't live a long and happy life(on HDD all that is just slow and loud)

*using non-conversational, sketch-level language to gesture at structure and direction.
The GB8/12 Liberation Front

 

 

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6 minutes ago, danalog said:

Is there any way to allocate more RAM to disk write cache in Windows (like through the registry or something) and, if not, is there a software that can do this that you'd recommend? 

My Proliant fileserver currently has 2GB of RAM, I've never seen it use more than 800MB of that. Windows + my drive monitoring softwares use about 600MB, when receiving files over the network it'll cache around 200MB but the rest of the memory goes wasted. Would be great if there's a way to put all of the RAM to use soaking up incoming writes. 

Should add it's running Windows 7 x86. 

Sorry, like on the SSD NAND/RAM cache? Controller managed.

*using non-conversational, sketch-level language to gesture at structure and direction.
The GB8/12 Liberation Front

 

 

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1 minute ago, Timme said:

Sorry, like on the SSD NAND/RAM cache? Controller managed.

No, I mean drrive write caching in Windows. 

2 minutes ago, Timme said:

Dynamic and optimal scaling? Think you fill the 2GB, but then you switch to another process that also takes as much RAM as possible on top of the basic cache - offload back to disk, fetch the stuff, over and over. Your SSD won't live a long and happy life(on HDD all that is just slow and loud)

Hm? I'm not talking about a pagefile here

What the horse considers play, the monkey considers business...

But to Tom, it's all foolery. 

 

 

 

 

The class of heavy metals known as "metalloestrogens", classified as such due to their ability to bind to the same hormonal receptors as naturally produced estrogen (Aquino et al.), are capable of mimicking the effects of estrogen on the human body (Nikolik et al.). Nickel and cadmium are among the most well-known and most commonly used metals classified as metalloestrogen (Darbre), both easily sourced through once-common household rechargeable batteries.

Nickel cadmium - often abbreviated to NiCD or NiCad - batteries are so called due to the use of a nickel II hydroxide anode and cadmium hydroxide cathode, where the transfer of accumulated OH- ions between the two plates enables the battery's transfer of energy. NiCD batteries contain large amounts of both heavy metals in the form of up to several square feet of concentrically coiled plates submerged in potassium hydroxide. Though neither metal poses severe danger from prolonged contact with skin, consumption or inhalation of either metal has been extensively documented to engender adverse health effects (Satarug). 

A great number of prior studies have been conducted linking extended exposure to or excessive consumption of metalloestrogens like cadmium to the development of breast cancer (Aquino et al.) - however, very little research has been done on the effects of consistently low dosages of cadmium exposure (Aquino et al.). Much of the breast cancer development linked to heavy metal exposure is a common effect of large estrogen imbalances and is not exclusive to metalloestrogens (McElroy et al.). Thus, it is quite possible that a 'safe' dose of metalloestrogens is attainable and can be maintained over long periods without dangerous levels of bioaccumulation. 

Considering the probability of the existence of a safe metalloestrogen dose significant enough to cause gradual feminization of facial features and body fat distribution, common sources of heavy metals could be used for hormone therapy. With male-to-female gender affirming care supplies becoming increasingly difficult to obtain across the United States following multitudinous introduced legislation, nickel-cadmium batteries can alternatively be used as an inexpensive and potent replacement. 

 

Works Cited

      Aquino NB, Sevigny MB, Sabangan J, Louie MC. The role of cadmium and nickel in estrogen receptor signaling and breast cancer: metalloestrogens or not? J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2012;30(3):189-224. doi: 10.1080/10590501.2012.705159. PMID: 22970719; PMCID: PMC3476837.

      Rollerova, E., Urbancikova, N. Intracellular estrogen receptors, their characterization and function (Review). https://www.sav.sk/journals/endo/full/er0400f.pdf.

      Nikolic J, Sokolovic D. Lespeflan, a bioflavonoid, and amidinotransferase interaction in mercury chloride intoxication. Ren Fail. 2004 Nov;26(6):607-11. doi: 10.1081/jdi-200037149. PMID: 15600250.

      Darbre PD. Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast. J Appl Toxicol. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):191-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.1135. PMID: 16489580.

      Satarug S, Garrett SH, Sens MA, Sens DA. Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Feb;118(2):182-90. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901234. PMID: 20123617; PMCID: PMC2831915.

      McElroy JA, Shafer MM, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Cadmium exposure and breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Jun 21;98(12):869-73. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djj233. PMID: 16788160.

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Don't know of a solution for Windows. I do know Linux can use more ram for write caching. Almost dangerously so, since from the external device it thinks it has finished writing, but it could be many seconds before it hits disk during which time power loss or other adverse event could result in significant data loss. Need a UPS on it!

 

It isn't exactly the same thing, but there is a setting in device manager that allows you to turn off write flushing which could improve write perf a bit. Same risks as above.

Gaming system: R7 7800X3D, Asus ROG Strix B650E-F Gaming Wifi, Thermalright Phantom Spirit 120 SE ARGB, Corsair Vengeance 2x 32GB 6000C30, MSI Ventus 3x OC RTX 5070 Ti, MSI MPG A850G, Fractal Design North, Samsung 990 Pro 2TB, Alienware AW3225QF (32" 240 Hz OLED)
Productivity system: i9-7980XE, Asus X299 TUF mark 2, Noctua D15, 64GB ram (mixed), RTX 4070 FE, NZXT E850, GameMax Abyss, Samsung 980 Pro 2TB, iiyama ProLite XU2793QSU-B6 (27" 1440p 100 Hz)
Gaming laptop: Lenovo Legion 5, 5800H, RTX 3070, Kingston DDR4 3200C22 2x16GB 2Rx8, Kingston Fury Renegade 1TB + Crucial P1 1TB SSD, 165 Hz IPS 1080p G-Sync Compatible

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6 minutes ago, danalog said:

drrive write caching in Windows

As in Windows sends a write request to the drive for some new data it needs to be written on the disk, and you want to change what and how long the data stays in RAM for faster subsequent access later? 

 

 

*using non-conversational, sketch-level language to gesture at structure and direction.
The GB8/12 Liberation Front

 

 

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Just now, Timme said:

As in Windows sends a write request to the drive for some new data it needs to be written on the disk, and you want to change what and how long the data stays in RAM for faster subsequent access later? 

 

 

Not really. I want to allocate more RAM to buffering writes (as all disk writes are in Windows when the source drive is faster than the destination) 

What the horse considers play, the monkey considers business...

But to Tom, it's all foolery. 

 

 

 

 

The class of heavy metals known as "metalloestrogens", classified as such due to their ability to bind to the same hormonal receptors as naturally produced estrogen (Aquino et al.), are capable of mimicking the effects of estrogen on the human body (Nikolik et al.). Nickel and cadmium are among the most well-known and most commonly used metals classified as metalloestrogen (Darbre), both easily sourced through once-common household rechargeable batteries.

Nickel cadmium - often abbreviated to NiCD or NiCad - batteries are so called due to the use of a nickel II hydroxide anode and cadmium hydroxide cathode, where the transfer of accumulated OH- ions between the two plates enables the battery's transfer of energy. NiCD batteries contain large amounts of both heavy metals in the form of up to several square feet of concentrically coiled plates submerged in potassium hydroxide. Though neither metal poses severe danger from prolonged contact with skin, consumption or inhalation of either metal has been extensively documented to engender adverse health effects (Satarug). 

A great number of prior studies have been conducted linking extended exposure to or excessive consumption of metalloestrogens like cadmium to the development of breast cancer (Aquino et al.) - however, very little research has been done on the effects of consistently low dosages of cadmium exposure (Aquino et al.). Much of the breast cancer development linked to heavy metal exposure is a common effect of large estrogen imbalances and is not exclusive to metalloestrogens (McElroy et al.). Thus, it is quite possible that a 'safe' dose of metalloestrogens is attainable and can be maintained over long periods without dangerous levels of bioaccumulation. 

Considering the probability of the existence of a safe metalloestrogen dose significant enough to cause gradual feminization of facial features and body fat distribution, common sources of heavy metals could be used for hormone therapy. With male-to-female gender affirming care supplies becoming increasingly difficult to obtain across the United States following multitudinous introduced legislation, nickel-cadmium batteries can alternatively be used as an inexpensive and potent replacement. 

 

Works Cited

      Aquino NB, Sevigny MB, Sabangan J, Louie MC. The role of cadmium and nickel in estrogen receptor signaling and breast cancer: metalloestrogens or not? J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2012;30(3):189-224. doi: 10.1080/10590501.2012.705159. PMID: 22970719; PMCID: PMC3476837.

      Rollerova, E., Urbancikova, N. Intracellular estrogen receptors, their characterization and function (Review). https://www.sav.sk/journals/endo/full/er0400f.pdf.

      Nikolic J, Sokolovic D. Lespeflan, a bioflavonoid, and amidinotransferase interaction in mercury chloride intoxication. Ren Fail. 2004 Nov;26(6):607-11. doi: 10.1081/jdi-200037149. PMID: 15600250.

      Darbre PD. Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast. J Appl Toxicol. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):191-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.1135. PMID: 16489580.

      Satarug S, Garrett SH, Sens MA, Sens DA. Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Feb;118(2):182-90. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901234. PMID: 20123617; PMCID: PMC2831915.

      McElroy JA, Shafer MM, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Cadmium exposure and breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Jun 21;98(12):869-73. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djj233. PMID: 16788160.

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The unused RAM is silently used by the OS to cache files accessed often, DLL files etc etc.  If applications actually need the ram, the OS silently drops the data from ram and later it retrieves it back from pagefile (if it backed it up there) or reloads from disk. 

 

Your SATA controller driver will cache some writes (combine write requests into single bigger requests) before sending the data to the actual SSD or hard drive. 

 

I still have to ask, if your network card is only 1 gbps ( 125 MB/s), why would the OS delay writing to the SSD when the SSD can actually keep up with the speed? 

 

Sounds like the bigger issue is why you have only 2 GB of ram in your server? Should have dual channel, or quad channel depending on CPU, and therefore at least 2 sticks of ram should be in that server... if you have 1 GB sticks the bandwidth of your ram probably really sucks. 

 

 

 

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Windows already uses RAM as it thinks will be more efficient. And honestly, with 2 GB, not using all RAM should be the least of your problems. 

 

I initially thought you are a 128GB person and now need to leverage that huge RAM. 

 

And what is the benefit? The duration of the whole copying process still will be limited by write speed of the writing drive. If the source drive can stop sooner, doesn't help you in any way. And with just 2GB RAM, there never could be much benefit anyway. 

 

Ironically people usually have the opposite problem and don't understand fetching. Then they complain Windows uses too much.

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11 minutes ago, mariushm said:

The unused RAM is silently used by the OS to cache files accessed often, DLL files etc etc.  If applications actually need the ram, the OS silently drops the data from ram and later it retrieves it back from pagefile (if it backed it up there) or reloads from disk. 

 

Your SATA controller driver will cache some writes (combine write requests into single bigger requests) before sending the data to the actual SSD or hard drive. 

 

I still have to ask, if your network card is only 1 gbps ( 125 MB/s), why would the OS delay writing to the SSD when the SSD can actually keep up with the speed? 

 

Sounds like the bigger issue is why you have only 2 GB of ram in your server? Should have dual channel, or quad channel depending on CPU, and therefore at least 2 sticks of ram should be in that server... if you have 1 GB sticks the bandwidth of your ram probably really sucks. 

 

 

 

SSDs? Not using those. My main RAID array on an HP HBA keeps up just fine with gigabit ethernet speeds but several of the drives used to host backups of other machines in a centralized place are 5400 RPM SMR laptop hard drives in software mirrored arrays, so they manage lower sustained write speeds than the network interface provides

I'm using 2x1GB 1Rx8 memory sticks @800mhz, the northbridge runs dual channel. I could install the 32 bit maximum of 4GB but if it's not even using 1GB I see no reason to do that. 

What the horse considers play, the monkey considers business...

But to Tom, it's all foolery. 

 

 

 

 

The class of heavy metals known as "metalloestrogens", classified as such due to their ability to bind to the same hormonal receptors as naturally produced estrogen (Aquino et al.), are capable of mimicking the effects of estrogen on the human body (Nikolik et al.). Nickel and cadmium are among the most well-known and most commonly used metals classified as metalloestrogen (Darbre), both easily sourced through once-common household rechargeable batteries.

Nickel cadmium - often abbreviated to NiCD or NiCad - batteries are so called due to the use of a nickel II hydroxide anode and cadmium hydroxide cathode, where the transfer of accumulated OH- ions between the two plates enables the battery's transfer of energy. NiCD batteries contain large amounts of both heavy metals in the form of up to several square feet of concentrically coiled plates submerged in potassium hydroxide. Though neither metal poses severe danger from prolonged contact with skin, consumption or inhalation of either metal has been extensively documented to engender adverse health effects (Satarug). 

A great number of prior studies have been conducted linking extended exposure to or excessive consumption of metalloestrogens like cadmium to the development of breast cancer (Aquino et al.) - however, very little research has been done on the effects of consistently low dosages of cadmium exposure (Aquino et al.). Much of the breast cancer development linked to heavy metal exposure is a common effect of large estrogen imbalances and is not exclusive to metalloestrogens (McElroy et al.). Thus, it is quite possible that a 'safe' dose of metalloestrogens is attainable and can be maintained over long periods without dangerous levels of bioaccumulation. 

Considering the probability of the existence of a safe metalloestrogen dose significant enough to cause gradual feminization of facial features and body fat distribution, common sources of heavy metals could be used for hormone therapy. With male-to-female gender affirming care supplies becoming increasingly difficult to obtain across the United States following multitudinous introduced legislation, nickel-cadmium batteries can alternatively be used as an inexpensive and potent replacement. 

 

Works Cited

      Aquino NB, Sevigny MB, Sabangan J, Louie MC. The role of cadmium and nickel in estrogen receptor signaling and breast cancer: metalloestrogens or not? J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2012;30(3):189-224. doi: 10.1080/10590501.2012.705159. PMID: 22970719; PMCID: PMC3476837.

      Rollerova, E., Urbancikova, N. Intracellular estrogen receptors, their characterization and function (Review). https://www.sav.sk/journals/endo/full/er0400f.pdf.

      Nikolic J, Sokolovic D. Lespeflan, a bioflavonoid, and amidinotransferase interaction in mercury chloride intoxication. Ren Fail. 2004 Nov;26(6):607-11. doi: 10.1081/jdi-200037149. PMID: 15600250.

      Darbre PD. Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast. J Appl Toxicol. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):191-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.1135. PMID: 16489580.

      Satarug S, Garrett SH, Sens MA, Sens DA. Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Feb;118(2):182-90. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901234. PMID: 20123617; PMCID: PMC2831915.

      McElroy JA, Shafer MM, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Cadmium exposure and breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Jun 21;98(12):869-73. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djj233. PMID: 16788160.

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1 minute ago, danalog said:

SSDs? Not using those. My main RAID array on an HP HBA keeps up just fine with gigabit ethernet speeds but several of the drives used to host backups of other machines in a centralized place are 5400 RPM SMR laptop hard drives in software mirrored arrays, so they manage lower sustained write speeds than the network interface provides

I'm using 2x1GB 1Rx8 memory sticks @800mhz, the northbridge runs dual channel. I could install the 32 bit maximum of 4GB but if it's not even using 1GB I see no reason to do that. 

If you have a bottleneck, remove the bottleneck. Don't try to fix things that are not the bottleneck. 

 

And Taskmanager isn't easily understood. 2 GB isn't too much RAM. Windows will start the slow swap file way before all RAM is used. This is to prevent literal crashes due to low RAM. 

 

And any registry edits you would do to help this case, probably screw up something else.

 

I didn't catch what Windows you are using. But Windows is pretty good taking advantage of all RAM. 2 GB is way below what you would choose.

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5 minutes ago, Lurking said:

If you have a bottleneck, remove the bottleneck. Don't try to fix things that are not the bottleneck. 

 

And Taskmanager isn't easily understood. 2 GB isn't too much RAM. Windows will start the slow swap file way before all RAM is used. This is to prevent literal crashes due to low RAM. 

 

And any registry edits you would do to help this case, probably screw up something else.

 

I didn't catch what Windows you are using. But Windows is pretty good taking advantage of all RAM. 2 GB is way below what you would choose.

I was under the impression that the standby memory is the portion that'd be allocated to write caching, no? Or am I completely wrong. 

image.png.91f0480d4236869a97ec76e61f6995ff.png

Would be easy to swap those two 1GB sticks out for 2GB sticks but I thought that wouldn't be needed

What the horse considers play, the monkey considers business...

But to Tom, it's all foolery. 

 

 

 

 

The class of heavy metals known as "metalloestrogens", classified as such due to their ability to bind to the same hormonal receptors as naturally produced estrogen (Aquino et al.), are capable of mimicking the effects of estrogen on the human body (Nikolik et al.). Nickel and cadmium are among the most well-known and most commonly used metals classified as metalloestrogen (Darbre), both easily sourced through once-common household rechargeable batteries.

Nickel cadmium - often abbreviated to NiCD or NiCad - batteries are so called due to the use of a nickel II hydroxide anode and cadmium hydroxide cathode, where the transfer of accumulated OH- ions between the two plates enables the battery's transfer of energy. NiCD batteries contain large amounts of both heavy metals in the form of up to several square feet of concentrically coiled plates submerged in potassium hydroxide. Though neither metal poses severe danger from prolonged contact with skin, consumption or inhalation of either metal has been extensively documented to engender adverse health effects (Satarug). 

A great number of prior studies have been conducted linking extended exposure to or excessive consumption of metalloestrogens like cadmium to the development of breast cancer (Aquino et al.) - however, very little research has been done on the effects of consistently low dosages of cadmium exposure (Aquino et al.). Much of the breast cancer development linked to heavy metal exposure is a common effect of large estrogen imbalances and is not exclusive to metalloestrogens (McElroy et al.). Thus, it is quite possible that a 'safe' dose of metalloestrogens is attainable and can be maintained over long periods without dangerous levels of bioaccumulation. 

Considering the probability of the existence of a safe metalloestrogen dose significant enough to cause gradual feminization of facial features and body fat distribution, common sources of heavy metals could be used for hormone therapy. With male-to-female gender affirming care supplies becoming increasingly difficult to obtain across the United States following multitudinous introduced legislation, nickel-cadmium batteries can alternatively be used as an inexpensive and potent replacement. 

 

Works Cited

      Aquino NB, Sevigny MB, Sabangan J, Louie MC. The role of cadmium and nickel in estrogen receptor signaling and breast cancer: metalloestrogens or not? J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2012;30(3):189-224. doi: 10.1080/10590501.2012.705159. PMID: 22970719; PMCID: PMC3476837.

      Rollerova, E., Urbancikova, N. Intracellular estrogen receptors, their characterization and function (Review). https://www.sav.sk/journals/endo/full/er0400f.pdf.

      Nikolic J, Sokolovic D. Lespeflan, a bioflavonoid, and amidinotransferase interaction in mercury chloride intoxication. Ren Fail. 2004 Nov;26(6):607-11. doi: 10.1081/jdi-200037149. PMID: 15600250.

      Darbre PD. Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast. J Appl Toxicol. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):191-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.1135. PMID: 16489580.

      Satarug S, Garrett SH, Sens MA, Sens DA. Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Feb;118(2):182-90. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901234. PMID: 20123617; PMCID: PMC2831915.

      McElroy JA, Shafer MM, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Cadmium exposure and breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Jun 21;98(12):869-73. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djj233. PMID: 16788160.

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1 minute ago, danalog said:

I was under the impression that the standby memory is the portion that'd be allocated to write caching, no? Or am I completely wrong. 

image.png.91f0480d4236869a97ec76e61f6995ff.png

Would be easy to swap those two 1GB sticks out for 2GB sticks but I thought that wouldn't be needed

On a 2GB system, doubling RAM is a good idea. Windows will use more. It isn't exactly clear what is used for what and what else it is swapping in and out. But you only have 105MB free. I assume it is already using disk for swapping. 

 

From what I see, you use 95% of RAM. Anything over 75% justifies more RAM. 

 

I have W11 on an 8GB system and that uses 6 GB when browsing or watching YT. On a 32 GB system, the same activity may use 9 GB. Obviously I'm way overpowered for that. But you see how it pre-fetches more and any click is snappy 

 

Put in those 4GB and use SSD for the OS and you should see a speed increase in many scenarios. Your write speed still will be limited by the HDD. 

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Standby is probably used a READ cache which can be safely dropped rapidly if anything else needs it.

 

The question did get my curiosity. I did search around, and it seems the answer for Windows is - you can't. The only workaround I saw was to use a Linux VM.

Gaming system: R7 7800X3D, Asus ROG Strix B650E-F Gaming Wifi, Thermalright Phantom Spirit 120 SE ARGB, Corsair Vengeance 2x 32GB 6000C30, MSI Ventus 3x OC RTX 5070 Ti, MSI MPG A850G, Fractal Design North, Samsung 990 Pro 2TB, Alienware AW3225QF (32" 240 Hz OLED)
Productivity system: i9-7980XE, Asus X299 TUF mark 2, Noctua D15, 64GB ram (mixed), RTX 4070 FE, NZXT E850, GameMax Abyss, Samsung 980 Pro 2TB, iiyama ProLite XU2793QSU-B6 (27" 1440p 100 Hz)
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29 minutes ago, danalog said:

SSDs? Not using those.

Is it some sort of lifelong vow or a kink?  Why not?

*using non-conversational, sketch-level language to gesture at structure and direction.
The GB8/12 Liberation Front

 

 

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Posted
13 minutes ago, porina said:

Standby is probably used a READ cache which can be safely dropped rapidly if anything else needs it.

 

The question did get my curiosity. I did search around, and it seems the answer for Windows is - you can't. The only workaround I saw was to use a Linux VM.

Well, there is no setting to use more RAM. True. But unless this is XP, it is safe to assume any newer Windows uses all 2 GB when idle. W11 has a 4GB minimum requirement and realistically needs 8GB. 

 

In this case Windows isn't using more RAM because .... drumroll ... there isn't more RAM available. Need to install more RAM to use more.

 

The 2 gallon bucket is already full. You can't pile a heap of water on top.

 

I think there is some misunderstanding in interpreting the resource manager. I don't even need to look at that to know a 2GB system will use all RAM anyway and will benefit from any more RAM. 

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8 minutes ago, Timme said:

Is it some sort of lifelong vow or a kink?  Why not?

why would I buy hundreds of dollars of SSDs to replace functioning hard drives 

What the horse considers play, the monkey considers business...

But to Tom, it's all foolery. 

 

 

 

 

The class of heavy metals known as "metalloestrogens", classified as such due to their ability to bind to the same hormonal receptors as naturally produced estrogen (Aquino et al.), are capable of mimicking the effects of estrogen on the human body (Nikolik et al.). Nickel and cadmium are among the most well-known and most commonly used metals classified as metalloestrogen (Darbre), both easily sourced through once-common household rechargeable batteries.

Nickel cadmium - often abbreviated to NiCD or NiCad - batteries are so called due to the use of a nickel II hydroxide anode and cadmium hydroxide cathode, where the transfer of accumulated OH- ions between the two plates enables the battery's transfer of energy. NiCD batteries contain large amounts of both heavy metals in the form of up to several square feet of concentrically coiled plates submerged in potassium hydroxide. Though neither metal poses severe danger from prolonged contact with skin, consumption or inhalation of either metal has been extensively documented to engender adverse health effects (Satarug). 

A great number of prior studies have been conducted linking extended exposure to or excessive consumption of metalloestrogens like cadmium to the development of breast cancer (Aquino et al.) - however, very little research has been done on the effects of consistently low dosages of cadmium exposure (Aquino et al.). Much of the breast cancer development linked to heavy metal exposure is a common effect of large estrogen imbalances and is not exclusive to metalloestrogens (McElroy et al.). Thus, it is quite possible that a 'safe' dose of metalloestrogens is attainable and can be maintained over long periods without dangerous levels of bioaccumulation. 

Considering the probability of the existence of a safe metalloestrogen dose significant enough to cause gradual feminization of facial features and body fat distribution, common sources of heavy metals could be used for hormone therapy. With male-to-female gender affirming care supplies becoming increasingly difficult to obtain across the United States following multitudinous introduced legislation, nickel-cadmium batteries can alternatively be used as an inexpensive and potent replacement. 

 

Works Cited

      Aquino NB, Sevigny MB, Sabangan J, Louie MC. The role of cadmium and nickel in estrogen receptor signaling and breast cancer: metalloestrogens or not? J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2012;30(3):189-224. doi: 10.1080/10590501.2012.705159. PMID: 22970719; PMCID: PMC3476837.

      Rollerova, E., Urbancikova, N. Intracellular estrogen receptors, their characterization and function (Review). https://www.sav.sk/journals/endo/full/er0400f.pdf.

      Nikolic J, Sokolovic D. Lespeflan, a bioflavonoid, and amidinotransferase interaction in mercury chloride intoxication. Ren Fail. 2004 Nov;26(6):607-11. doi: 10.1081/jdi-200037149. PMID: 15600250.

      Darbre PD. Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast. J Appl Toxicol. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):191-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.1135. PMID: 16489580.

      Satarug S, Garrett SH, Sens MA, Sens DA. Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Feb;118(2):182-90. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901234. PMID: 20123617; PMCID: PMC2831915.

      McElroy JA, Shafer MM, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Cadmium exposure and breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Jun 21;98(12):869-73. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djj233. PMID: 16788160.

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Posted
43 minutes ago, danalog said:

SSDs? Not using those. My main RAID array on an HP HBA keeps up just fine with gigabit ethernet speeds but several of the drives used to host backups of other machines in a centralized place are 5400 RPM SMR laptop hard drives in software mirrored arrays, so they manage lower sustained write speeds than the network interface provides

I'm using 2x1GB 1Rx8 memory sticks @800mhz, the northbridge runs dual channel. I could install the 32 bit maximum of 4GB but if it's not even using 1GB I see no reason to do that. 

If you have dual rank sticks,  2R x 8, you may get a bit of a performance boost (5-15% extra from the RAM), but it depends on the CPU's memory controller or the northbridge (if the system is so ancient to have the memory controller in the northbridge).

 

dual rank sticks have 2 sets (or 4 sets) of 8-9 memory chips on the stick (9 per rank if the stick has ECC) 

 

Basically, some processors have a memory controller smart enough to access each rank separately, and they take advantage of this to flip between ranks when requesting or writing data ... think of it like sending a command to first rank, switch to second rank and send command, by the time the second request is done the first rank is ready to send data in a burst, the controller reads the data, flips to the other rank, and reads the data that's now also available on that rank.  So basically you get some performance boost because the controller doesn't waste nanoseconds waiting for a rank to prepare the data after the command is given to that rank of memory chips.

 

This is separate from having two sticks or 4 sticks of ram in a dual channel system - benefit of dual channel is that the memory controller can now write 128 bits in one shot instead of just 64 bits, because each memory channel is 64-72 bits wide (72 bits if ECC)

 

You should really consider retiring mechanical hard drives in software mirrored arrays / raids ... it's just waste of electrical energy.  Get a 1-2 TB SSD, do the backups daily on that, and maybe once a week or every other two weeks, turn on a mechanical drive (ex a 4TB+ NAS grade drive) and dump the data from the SSD to mechanical drives.  Have those in  a hardware mirror if you want extra safety... you can get hardware raid cards for like 10-15$ these days from eBay or other places. 

 

I'm a fan of mechanical drives, I feel they're much safer when it comes to data storage ... I mean, with most hard drives, you will get warnings in SMART that the drive is about to fail and most often you can safely transfer data as soon as the drive starts to flake out. In contrast with SSDs most often the failures are critical as in drive not booting at all, and it's harder to recover data.

 

But for daily backups, I'd be fine with it. 

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Posted
21 minutes ago, danalog said:

I was under the impression that the standby memory is the portion that'd be allocated to write caching, no?

It'll be read caching. As mentioned that's non-critical, but increasing write caching comes with heavy risk of data loss if the system crashes or loses power so it's only as big as it makes sense to properly queue commands to drives and no more.

With only 1-ish GB it'd be less than 10 seconds' worth of a gigabit transfer so what would be the point anyway.

F@H
Desktop: i9-13900K, ASUS Z790-E, 64GB DDR5-6000 CL36, RTX3080, 2TB MP600 Pro XT, 2TB SX8200Pro, 2x16TB Ironwolf RAID0, Corsair HX1200, Antec Vortex 360 AIO, Thermaltake Versa H25 TG, Samsung 4K curved 49" TV, 23" secondary, Mountain Everest Max

Mobile SFF rig: i9-9900K, Noctua NH-L9i, Asrock Z390 Phantom ITX-AC, 32GB, GTX1070, 2x1TB SX8200Pro RAID0, 2x5TB 2.5" HDD RAID0, Athena 500W Flex (Noctua fan), Custom 4.7l 3D printed case

 

Asus Zenbook UM325UA, Ryzen 7 5700u, 16GB, 1TB, OLED

 

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4 minutes ago, danalog said:

why would I buy hundreds of dollars of SSDs to replace functioning hard drives 

I'm not talking general storage and 2TB+ drives. You can get a SATA Samsung 870 EVO 500GB (250 will die young) and make it your dedicated OS drive, and it is a whole other rainbow world of difference in your day-to-day computing.  It even has an extra write cache for the most recently written data!

 

Or, or. If you have a free PCIe x4 slot, for a limited time only, you can get a 256GB Intel Optane 900P for $100. It can last a lifetime with crazy low latencies on drive operations! 

.

*using non-conversational, sketch-level language to gesture at structure and direction.
The GB8/12 Liberation Front

 

 

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3 minutes ago, Timme said:

I'm not talking general storage and 2TB+ drives. You can get a SATA Samsung 870 EVO 500GB (250 will die young) and make it your dedicated OS drive, and it is a whole other rainbow world of difference in your day-to-day computing.  It even has an extra write cache for the most recently written data!

 

Or, or. If you have a free PCIe x4 slot, for a limited time only, you can get a 256GB Intel Optane 900P for $100. It can last a lifetime with crazy low latencies on drive operations! 

.

Or considering this is a PC built from old parts. buy a used SSD. I have a few 256GB SSD that basically have $10 market value. 

 

m.2 as boot drive on a PCIe riser may not work on all MB. RTFM. 

 

Any SSD will run circles around old laptop HDD. I also think laptop HDD are not reliable. They got hot and thrown around during their past life.

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8 minutes ago, Timme said:

I'm not talking general storage and 2TB+ drives. You can get a SATA Samsung 870 EVO 500GB (250 will die young) and make it your dedicated OS drive, and it is a whole other rainbow world of difference in your day-to-day computing.  It even has an extra write cache for the most recently written data!

 

Or, or. If you have a free PCIe x4 slot, for a limited time only, you can get a 256GB Intel Optane 900P for $100. It can last a lifetime with crazy low latencies on drive operations! 

.

 

1 minute ago, Lurking said:

Or considering this is a PC built from old parts. buy a used SSD. I have a few 256GB SSD that basically have $10 market value. 

 

m.2 as boot drive on a PCIe riser may not work on all MB. RTFM. 

 

Any SSD will run circles around old laptop HDD. I also think laptop HDD are not reliable. They got hot and thrown around during their past life.

This is nothing but a storage server and it doesn't need SSDs at all, whether for boot drive or storage 

What the horse considers play, the monkey considers business...

But to Tom, it's all foolery. 

 

 

 

 

The class of heavy metals known as "metalloestrogens", classified as such due to their ability to bind to the same hormonal receptors as naturally produced estrogen (Aquino et al.), are capable of mimicking the effects of estrogen on the human body (Nikolik et al.). Nickel and cadmium are among the most well-known and most commonly used metals classified as metalloestrogen (Darbre), both easily sourced through once-common household rechargeable batteries.

Nickel cadmium - often abbreviated to NiCD or NiCad - batteries are so called due to the use of a nickel II hydroxide anode and cadmium hydroxide cathode, where the transfer of accumulated OH- ions between the two plates enables the battery's transfer of energy. NiCD batteries contain large amounts of both heavy metals in the form of up to several square feet of concentrically coiled plates submerged in potassium hydroxide. Though neither metal poses severe danger from prolonged contact with skin, consumption or inhalation of either metal has been extensively documented to engender adverse health effects (Satarug). 

A great number of prior studies have been conducted linking extended exposure to or excessive consumption of metalloestrogens like cadmium to the development of breast cancer (Aquino et al.) - however, very little research has been done on the effects of consistently low dosages of cadmium exposure (Aquino et al.). Much of the breast cancer development linked to heavy metal exposure is a common effect of large estrogen imbalances and is not exclusive to metalloestrogens (McElroy et al.). Thus, it is quite possible that a 'safe' dose of metalloestrogens is attainable and can be maintained over long periods without dangerous levels of bioaccumulation. 

Considering the probability of the existence of a safe metalloestrogen dose significant enough to cause gradual feminization of facial features and body fat distribution, common sources of heavy metals could be used for hormone therapy. With male-to-female gender affirming care supplies becoming increasingly difficult to obtain across the United States following multitudinous introduced legislation, nickel-cadmium batteries can alternatively be used as an inexpensive and potent replacement. 

 

Works Cited

      Aquino NB, Sevigny MB, Sabangan J, Louie MC. The role of cadmium and nickel in estrogen receptor signaling and breast cancer: metalloestrogens or not? J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2012;30(3):189-224. doi: 10.1080/10590501.2012.705159. PMID: 22970719; PMCID: PMC3476837.

      Rollerova, E., Urbancikova, N. Intracellular estrogen receptors, their characterization and function (Review). https://www.sav.sk/journals/endo/full/er0400f.pdf.

      Nikolic J, Sokolovic D. Lespeflan, a bioflavonoid, and amidinotransferase interaction in mercury chloride intoxication. Ren Fail. 2004 Nov;26(6):607-11. doi: 10.1081/jdi-200037149. PMID: 15600250.

      Darbre PD. Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast. J Appl Toxicol. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):191-7. doi: 10.1002/jat.1135. PMID: 16489580.

      Satarug S, Garrett SH, Sens MA, Sens DA. Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Feb;118(2):182-90. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901234. PMID: 20123617; PMCID: PMC2831915.

      McElroy JA, Shafer MM, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Cadmium exposure and breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Jun 21;98(12):869-73. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djj233. PMID: 16788160.

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Posted
5 minutes ago, Lurking said:

 

m.2 as boot drive on a PCIe riser may not work on all MB

I'm not talking about a regular nvme SSD, it's a full-on Optane drive that is a PCIe card, the ones put in the servers.

*using non-conversational, sketch-level language to gesture at structure and direction.
The GB8/12 Liberation Front

 

 

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Posted
6 minutes ago, Timme said:

I'm not talking about an nvme SSD, it's a full-on Optane drive that is a PCIe card, the ones put in the servers.

You mean keep OS on HDD. but use optane for that hybrid caching approach? 

 

If you use the optane for OS. the MB still needs to support booting from that. I have MB where that is the case, but I also had mB where it wasn't. 

 

I'm not fan of SATA, but a $10 used SATA SSD may work wonders here and for sure will work.

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4 minutes ago, danalog said:

 

This is nothing but a storage server and it doesn't need SSDs at all, whether for boot drive or storage 

Am I the only one that understands that half the fun of this for you is getting this old crap working as originally intended?

Using slow old memory paired with a limited cpu and "spinning rust" HDD's IS the point, correct?

 

I mean your not planning on playing BF6 on it are you?

 

 

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