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Malloc in C

BuckGup
By BuckGup
in Programming
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Posted

Hello I am converting some code I wrote to use the heap instead of the stack but I am confused on the syntax a bit. Basically from my understanding I want to take all the global and local variables I make in main and malloc them. So then anywhere I use them do I want to use the pointer I created with the malloc statement to access it and ptr-> var_name to update the values? Here's the code

 

  

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

		char input[255];
        
        void mostFrequent(int *counts, char *most_freq, int *qty_most_freq){ //calling the function
        

                char result;
                int count[255] = {0};

                int i, max, index;

                printf("Enter a string of characters: "); //prompt to get input from users
                scanf("%s", input);

                for(i = 0; input[i] !=0; i++){//copying array of non zero elements
                        ++count[input[i]];//advances both arrays
                }

                max = count[0];
                index = 0;
                for(i = 0; input[i] != 0; i++){//compares values in array to previous max to update max and eventually
                                               //set the char that occurs max in the array
                        if(count[input[i]] > max)
                        {
                                max = count[input[i]];
                                index = i;

                        }
                }
                *qty_most_freq = max;//updates pointer values
                *most_freq = input[index];//char used most
                *counts = strlen(input);//num of characters in array

        }

        void main(){

                int counts = 0;//intialzing variables
                char most_freq = '0';
                int num_counts = 0;
                int qty_most_freq;



                mostFrequent(&counts, &most_freq, &qty_most_freq);//calling the function
                printf("Address of counts: %p, address of string: %p \n", counts, input);
                printf("The most frequent character was %c with %d occurrences.\n %d characters were entered. \n", most_freq, qty_most_freq, counts);//print stament to console

        }

The array being global is just a hack job thing I did to make the main see it and print out input as it's not technically correct.

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Just keeping this here as a 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Posted

The question is not precise enough to help, I'm afraid.

Write in C.

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6 hours ago, BuckGup said:

Basically from my understanding I want to take all the global and local variables I make in main and malloc them

Why? One does not dynamically allocate memory without a good reason.

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I don't see any calls to malloc in your code...?

 

But yes, the syntax to assign a value to a pointer passed to a function is 

*variable = value;

 

Don't ask to ask, just ask... please 🤨

sudo chmod -R 000 /*

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3 hours ago, Sauron said:

I don't see any calls to malloc in your code...?

 

But yes, the syntax to assign a value to a pointer passed to a function is 


*variable = value;

 

Right I haven't converted the code to use malloc yet. I'm just confused on what I malloc. Usually I when I use malloc I do it on a struct I make which makes sense but doing it on individual variables seems silly especially if they aren't going to get any bigger after the programs runs once

3 hours ago, Unimportant said:

Why? One does not dynamically allocate memory without a good reason.

Just learning how to use malloc no other reason than that

 

▓ƆԀ▓ S▓₱▓Ɇ▓c▓s▓: i7 6ʇɥפᴉƎ00K (4.4ghz), Asus DeLuxe X99A II, GT҉X҉1҉0҉8҉0 Zotac Amp ExTrꍟꎭe),Si6F4Gb D???????r PlatinUm, EVGA G2 Sǝʌǝᘉ5ᙣᙍᖇᓎᙎᗅᖶt, Phanteks Enthoo Primo, 3TB WD Black, 500gb 850 Evo, H100iGeeTeeX, Windows 10, K70 R̸̢̡̭͍͕̱̭̟̩̀̀̃́̃͒̈́̈́͑̑́̆͘͜ͅG̶̦̬͊́B̸͈̝̖͗̈́, G502, HyperX Cloud 2s, Asus MX34. פN∩SW∀S 960 EVO

Just keeping this here as a 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1 hour ago, BuckGup said:

Usually I when I use malloc I do it on a struct I make which makes sense

Actually, with structs, calloc() makes more sense.

Write in C.

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1 hour ago, BuckGup said:

Usually I when I use malloc I do it on a struct I make which makes sense but doing it on individual variables seems silly especially if they aren't going to get any bigger after the programs runs once

It *is* pretty pointless, which is why people generally don't do it unless they're using some special custom types or something. You can still do it though, think of it as though you were declaring a single element array.

Don't ask to ask, just ask... please 🤨

sudo chmod -R 000 /*

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14 minutes ago, Sauron said:

It *is* pretty pointless, which is why people generally don't do it unless they're using some special custom types or something. You can still do it though, think of it as though you were declaring a single element array.

So then I would basically have a single element array for every variable? Yeah seems pointless lol

▓ƆԀ▓ S▓₱▓Ɇ▓c▓s▓: i7 6ʇɥפᴉƎ00K (4.4ghz), Asus DeLuxe X99A II, GT҉X҉1҉0҉8҉0 Zotac Amp ExTrꍟꎭe),Si6F4Gb D???????r PlatinUm, EVGA G2 Sǝʌǝᘉ5ᙣᙍᖇᓎᙎᗅᖶt, Phanteks Enthoo Primo, 3TB WD Black, 500gb 850 Evo, H100iGeeTeeX, Windows 10, K70 R̸̢̡̭͍͕̱̭̟̩̀̀̃́̃͒̈́̈́͑̑́̆͘͜ͅG̶̦̬͊́B̸͈̝̖͗̈́, G502, HyperX Cloud 2s, Asus MX34. פN∩SW∀S 960 EVO

Just keeping this here as a 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1 minute ago, BuckGup said:

So then I would basically have a single element array for every variable? Yeah seems pointless lol

well an array is just a bunch of values in a row, you're not wasting the computer's resources - just your time :P

Don't ask to ask, just ask... please 🤨

sudo chmod -R 000 /*

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9 minutes ago, Sauron said:

well an array is just a bunch of values in a row, you're not wasting the computer's resources - just your time :P

So malloc is sorta like making an array in a sense that it allocates a certain amount of contiguous memory at declaration. 

▓ƆԀ▓ S▓₱▓Ɇ▓c▓s▓: i7 6ʇɥפᴉƎ00K (4.4ghz), Asus DeLuxe X99A II, GT҉X҉1҉0҉8҉0 Zotac Amp ExTrꍟꎭe),Si6F4Gb D???????r PlatinUm, EVGA G2 Sǝʌǝᘉ5ᙣᙍᖇᓎᙎᗅᖶt, Phanteks Enthoo Primo, 3TB WD Black, 500gb 850 Evo, H100iGeeTeeX, Windows 10, K70 R̸̢̡̭͍͕̱̭̟̩̀̀̃́̃͒̈́̈́͑̑́̆͘͜ͅG̶̦̬͊́B̸͈̝̖͗̈́, G502, HyperX Cloud 2s, Asus MX34. פN∩SW∀S 960 EVO

Just keeping this here as a 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42 minutes ago, BuckGup said:

So malloc is sorta like making an array in a sense that it allocates a certain amount of contiguous memory at declaration. 

Yes. Or rather, an array is implicitly a call to malloc.

Don't ask to ask, just ask... please 🤨

sudo chmod -R 000 /*

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If you want to truly understand dynamic memory allocation, try writting your own dynamic memory allocator. 

 

https://arjunsreedharan.org/post/148675821737/memory-allocators-101-write-a-simple-memory

 

Otherwise you shouldnt need to know more than that malloc allocates a continuous size of memory you tell it to on the heap. 

 

Sudo make me a sandwich 

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31 minutes ago, wasab said:

If you want to truly understand dynamic memory allocation, try writting your own dynamic memory allocator. 

 

https://arjunsreedharan.org/post/148675821737/memory-allocators-101-write-a-simple-memory

 

Otherwise you shouldnt need to know more than that malloc allocates a continuous size of memory you tell it to on the heap. 

 

I'll actually look into it as I understand what malloc does but this would be nice to know as well

▓ƆԀ▓ S▓₱▓Ɇ▓c▓s▓: i7 6ʇɥפᴉƎ00K (4.4ghz), Asus DeLuxe X99A II, GT҉X҉1҉0҉8҉0 Zotac Amp ExTrꍟꎭe),Si6F4Gb D???????r PlatinUm, EVGA G2 Sǝʌǝᘉ5ᙣᙍᖇᓎᙎᗅᖶt, Phanteks Enthoo Primo, 3TB WD Black, 500gb 850 Evo, H100iGeeTeeX, Windows 10, K70 R̸̢̡̭͍͕̱̭̟̩̀̀̃́̃͒̈́̈́͑̑́̆͘͜ͅG̶̦̬͊́B̸͈̝̖͗̈́, G502, HyperX Cloud 2s, Asus MX34. פN∩SW∀S 960 EVO

Just keeping this here as a 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1 hour ago, BuckGup said:

I'll actually look into it as I understand what malloc does but this would be nice to know as well

in that case, you need to understand the theories first. I suggest you watch these 4 videos. 

 

 

 

Then you can write some rudimentary allocator using linked lists, first fit policy, segregated lists and so on.

 

Knowing these are way overkill for software development but good exercises for the intellectually curious. 

Sudo make me a sandwich 

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