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My current home server is a POS and a wonder of technology (it's a wonder that that heap of junk still works) so I'm planning on upgrading it sometime this year or in early 2016.

 

I threw together a config using the cheapest components I could find, taking into account low power consumption aswell.

 

 
CPU: Intel Celeron G1820 2.7GHz Dual-Core Processor  ($39.99 @ SuperBiiz) 
Motherboard: MSI H81M-P33 Micro ATX LGA1150 Motherboard  ($41.98 @ Newegg) 
Power Supply: Raidmax 450W ATX Power Supply  ($23.99 @ SuperBiiz) 
Total: $291.92
Prices include shipping, taxes, and discounts when available
Generated by PCPartPicker 2015-07-02 02:48 EDT-0400
 
The config totals out at about $312 from retailers I can actually order from.
I already have a case I can use for it. PSU might get changed, since it's kinda shady. Might be able to get a cheap one for about $15 (there's a few no-names floating around that are actually pretty decent and since I don't need too much power for the system they might work just fine).
I also have an UPS and an expansion board for extra SATA 3 headers, if I ever need to add more drives (mobo I chose only has 2 SATA 3 and 2 SATA 2)
 
I chose the cheapest SSD I could find for the boot drive (well, there were a few cheaper ones but also lower capacity and shady brands) and I figure 2TB of storage would be enough for now.
 
 
I don't have all that much experience with low-power builds, but I figure this config would be fine, specially with my fixed $300 budget (anything more than that and I can just get an actual NAS, but i'd rather this be an actual PC, since I can do much more with it than store files).
 
When it comes to the OS, I have a few options, all of them being free or already owned
I can run Ubuntu Server, Windows Server 2012, Windows 7/8/10 (wouldn't go with a non-server OS, though, but if I decide that the Server flavor doesn't allow me to do what I want I could just switch to that. highly unlikely)
 
 
HS will be called "Turnip Farm" and I'll have a mini summer project modding the case for it for the glory of Turnip.

Remember kids, the only difference between screwing around and science is writing it down. - Adam Savage

 

PHOΞNIX Ryzen 5 1600 @ 3.75GHz | Corsair LPX 16Gb DDR4 @ 2933 | MSI B350 Tomahawk | Sapphire RX 480 Nitro+ 8Gb | Intel 535 120Gb | Western Digital WD5000AAKS x2 | Cooler Master HAF XB Evo | Corsair H80 + Corsair SP120 | Cooler Master 120mm AF | Corsair SP120 | Icy Box IB-172SK-B | OCZ CX500W | Acer GF246 24" + AOC <some model> 21.5" | Steelseries Apex 350 | Steelseries Diablo 3 | Steelseries Syberia RAW Prism | Corsair HS-1 | Akai AM-A1

D.VA coming soon™ xoxo

Sapphire Acer Aspire 1410 Celeron 743 | 3Gb DDR2-667 | 120Gb HDD | Windows 10 Home x32

Vault Tec Celeron 420 | 2Gb DDR2-667 | Storage pending | Open Media Vault

gh0st Asus K50IJ T3100 | 2Gb DDR2-667 | 40Gb HDD | Ubuntu 17.04

Diskord Apple MacBook A1181 Mid-2007 Core2Duo T7400 @2.16GHz | 4Gb DDR2-667 | 120Gb HDD | Windows 10 Pro x32

Firebird//Phoeniix FX-4320 | Gigabyte 990X-Gaming SLI | Asus GTS 450 | 16Gb DDR3-1600 | 2x Intel 535 250Gb | 4x 10Tb Western Digital Red | 600W Segotep custom refurb unit | Windows 10 Pro x64 // offisite backup and dad's PC

 

Saint Olms Apple iPhone 6 16Gb Gold

Archon Microsoft Lumia 640 LTE

Gulliver Nokia Lumia 1320

Werkfern Nokia Lumia 520

Hydromancer Acer Liquid Z220

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IMO you're wasting your time building something with specs that weak.  At that point I would just find someone's used desktop from a few years ago and it will probably be cheaper and have more stuff in it.

 

1TB drives are a scam nowadays.  You can get 3x the capacity for less than 2x the cost.

Workstation:  9800X3D|| Asus X670E ProArt Creator || MSI Gaming Trio 4090 Shunt || T.Force 7800CL34 || Corsair AX1600i@240V || whole-house loop.

LANRig/GuestGamingBox: 13700K @ Stock || MSI Z690 DDR4 || ASUS TUF 3090 650W shunt || Corsair SF600 || CPU+GPU watercooled 280 rad pull only || whole-house loop.

Server Router (Untangle): 13600k @ P-Core only || ASRock Z690 ITX || All 10Gbe || 2x8GB 3200 || PicoPSU 150W 24pin + AX1200i on CPU|| whole-house loop

Server Compute/Storage: 10850K @ 5.1Ghz || Gigabyte Z490 Ultra || EVGA FTW3 3090 1000W || LSI 9280i-24 port || 4TB Samsung 860 Evo, 5x10TB Seagate Enterprise Raid 6, 4x8TB Seagate Archive Backup ||  whole-house loop.

Laptop: HP Elitebook 840 G8 (Intel 1185G7) + 4070 RTX Thunderbolt Dock, Razer Blade Stealth 13" 2017 (Intel 8550U)

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IMO you're wasting your time building something with specs that weak.  At that point I would just find someone's used desktop from a few years ago and it will probably be cheaper and have more stuff in it.

 

1TB drives are a scam nowadays.  You can get 3x the capacity for less than 2x the cost.

 

 

I see no point in getting something beefy for a machine that only handles files and runs the occasional Terraria/minecraft server for a few hours

3TB drives are batshit expensive here and there's a distinct lack of variety

Remember kids, the only difference between screwing around and science is writing it down. - Adam Savage

 

PHOΞNIX Ryzen 5 1600 @ 3.75GHz | Corsair LPX 16Gb DDR4 @ 2933 | MSI B350 Tomahawk | Sapphire RX 480 Nitro+ 8Gb | Intel 535 120Gb | Western Digital WD5000AAKS x2 | Cooler Master HAF XB Evo | Corsair H80 + Corsair SP120 | Cooler Master 120mm AF | Corsair SP120 | Icy Box IB-172SK-B | OCZ CX500W | Acer GF246 24" + AOC <some model> 21.5" | Steelseries Apex 350 | Steelseries Diablo 3 | Steelseries Syberia RAW Prism | Corsair HS-1 | Akai AM-A1

D.VA coming soon™ xoxo

Sapphire Acer Aspire 1410 Celeron 743 | 3Gb DDR2-667 | 120Gb HDD | Windows 10 Home x32

Vault Tec Celeron 420 | 2Gb DDR2-667 | Storage pending | Open Media Vault

gh0st Asus K50IJ T3100 | 2Gb DDR2-667 | 40Gb HDD | Ubuntu 17.04

Diskord Apple MacBook A1181 Mid-2007 Core2Duo T7400 @2.16GHz | 4Gb DDR2-667 | 120Gb HDD | Windows 10 Pro x32

Firebird//Phoeniix FX-4320 | Gigabyte 990X-Gaming SLI | Asus GTS 450 | 16Gb DDR3-1600 | 2x Intel 535 250Gb | 4x 10Tb Western Digital Red | 600W Segotep custom refurb unit | Windows 10 Pro x64 // offisite backup and dad's PC

 

Saint Olms Apple iPhone 6 16Gb Gold

Archon Microsoft Lumia 640 LTE

Gulliver Nokia Lumia 1320

Werkfern Nokia Lumia 520

Hydromancer Acer Liquid Z220

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Found a Dell Optiplex 380 (E5800, 4Gb DDR3, 250G drive, Win7 key) that also comes with a 19" Dell 190S, keyboard and mouse. All of that for $163.

Cheaper, but I don't really need another monitor and I'd still have to buy drives

Remember kids, the only difference between screwing around and science is writing it down. - Adam Savage

 

PHOΞNIX Ryzen 5 1600 @ 3.75GHz | Corsair LPX 16Gb DDR4 @ 2933 | MSI B350 Tomahawk | Sapphire RX 480 Nitro+ 8Gb | Intel 535 120Gb | Western Digital WD5000AAKS x2 | Cooler Master HAF XB Evo | Corsair H80 + Corsair SP120 | Cooler Master 120mm AF | Corsair SP120 | Icy Box IB-172SK-B | OCZ CX500W | Acer GF246 24" + AOC <some model> 21.5" | Steelseries Apex 350 | Steelseries Diablo 3 | Steelseries Syberia RAW Prism | Corsair HS-1 | Akai AM-A1

D.VA coming soon™ xoxo

Sapphire Acer Aspire 1410 Celeron 743 | 3Gb DDR2-667 | 120Gb HDD | Windows 10 Home x32

Vault Tec Celeron 420 | 2Gb DDR2-667 | Storage pending | Open Media Vault

gh0st Asus K50IJ T3100 | 2Gb DDR2-667 | 40Gb HDD | Ubuntu 17.04

Diskord Apple MacBook A1181 Mid-2007 Core2Duo T7400 @2.16GHz | 4Gb DDR2-667 | 120Gb HDD | Windows 10 Pro x32

Firebird//Phoeniix FX-4320 | Gigabyte 990X-Gaming SLI | Asus GTS 450 | 16Gb DDR3-1600 | 2x Intel 535 250Gb | 4x 10Tb Western Digital Red | 600W Segotep custom refurb unit | Windows 10 Pro x64 // offisite backup and dad's PC

 

Saint Olms Apple iPhone 6 16Gb Gold

Archon Microsoft Lumia 640 LTE

Gulliver Nokia Lumia 1320

Werkfern Nokia Lumia 520

Hydromancer Acer Liquid Z220

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