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Keyboard USB Specs

BuckGup
By BuckGup
in Programming
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What data is sent over the USB port from a keyboard? Is it just scancodes that windows is constantly watching for or is there some formatting done? I think it would be lower level as a keyboard works in LINUX, a BIOS, and USB is plug and play. Also where can I find the specs on how much a keyboard draws? There aren't any LEDs and it's tenkeyless but I would imagine the voltage would be similar as it's powered from USB.

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Just keeping this here as a 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8 minutes ago, BuckGup said:

There aren't any LEDs and it's tenkeyless but I would imagine the voltage would be similar as it's powered from USB.

If it's tenkeyless and lacks LEDs then I'd imagine that it'd draw similar voltage. Besides, USB can only handle a certain amount of voltage anyway. AFAIK, the max voltage you can draw via USB is about 5.25V due to the voltage regulator inside.

You shouldn't have any issues power wise.

 

11 minutes ago, BuckGup said:

What data is sent over the USB port from a keyboard? Is it just scancodes that windows is constantly watching for or is there some formatting done?

Can't really help you on that as I've not got much experience with that sort of thing. Sorry.

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2 hours ago, BuckGup said:

What data is sent over the USB port from a keyboard? Is it just scancodes that windows is constantly watching for or is there some formatting done? I think it would be lower level as a keyboard works in LINUX, a BIOS, and USB is plug and play.

It's standardized scan codes. The USB spec defines it (someone posted what they are at https://gist.github.com/MightyPork/6da26e382a7ad91b5496ee55fdc73db2)

2 hours ago, BuckGup said:

Also where can I find the specs on how much a keyboard draws? There aren't any LEDs and it's tenkeyless but I would imagine the voltage would be similar as it's powered from USB.

It should say on the keyboard's sticker somewhere.

I have a blog! And a list of guides I've posted

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3 hours ago, BuckGup said:

There aren't any LEDs and it's tenkeyless but I would imagine the voltage would be similar as it's powered from USB.

Voltage will probally be the same what will be different the amps.

 

Usb 3.0 can supply up to 1.5amps at 5v I believe, 2.0 is 0.8 amps if I remember correctly.

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By default, you're guaranteed 100mA at 5v so 0.5 watts. Your device is supposed to send packets of data to "negociate" raising the power budget to the maximum of 0.5A for usb 2.0 (5v x 0.5A = 2.5w) and 0.9A for usb 3.0 (4.5 watts).

In practice, very few usb controllers and motherboards monitor the current draw of devices, often there's just a 2A resettable fuse protecting 2 or 4 usb ports at a time. 

 

As for the original question, you want to configure your device as HID (human interface device).

 

There are application notes and examples from Atmel and Microchip and maybe others (Cypress maybe) which explain how you'd create a HID mouse or keyboard

Here's just a bunch on a quick google search

 

Atmel AVR4904: ASF - USB Device HID Keyboard Application (can download the code from microchip/atmel and look inside code, look in pdf) : http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/appnotes/doc8446.pdf

 

Microchip AN1163 USB HID Class on an Embedded Device - microcontroller behaves like a USB mouse : http://www.t-es-t.hu/download/microchip/an1163a.pdf

Silicon Labs AN249 HUMAN INTERFACE DEVICE TUTORIAL  - contains usb mouse example, HID to UART (serial) etc : https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/application-notes/AN249.pdf

 

Cypress (with video and source code and shit) :

AN57473 - USB HID Basics with PSoC® 3 and PSoC 5LP  : http://www.cypress.com/documentation/application-notes/an57473-usb-hid-basics-psoc-3-and-psoc-5lp

AN58726 - Application note on USB HID Intermediate (with Keyboard and Composite Device) for PSoC 3 PSoC 5 Family - sending strings of text as key presses, playing with numlock, scroll leds etc code included - : https://www.element14.com/community/docs/DOC-48027/l/cypress-an58726-application-note-on-usb-hid-intermediate-with-keyboard-and-composite-device-for-psoc-3-psoc-5-family

 

Renesas has an application note Getting Started with USBX™ HID Keyboard (Device) - Application Project   but the download link doesn't work .. anyway their micros are a bit harder to get into (not much documentation and not so hobbyist friendly)

 

Reading keys from a usb keyboard , connecting a usb keyboard to microcontroller, micro as a usb host : Using USB Keyboard with an Embedded Host http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/01212a.pdf

 

 

These should give you a good start.

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