I am having an issue identical to the OP on Windows 10. Issue first started 4 days ago (May 10) and affects any/all sound input devices I have tried. (Microphones and mixers, both 3.5mm and USB.)
The "allow apps in Windows privacy settings" does not fix this issue for me, and at this point I've also tried removing all audio devices and drivers via the Device Manager and recognizing/reinstalling them one by one. The only thing that appears to function is the, "Listen to this device" option. No clue if this is relevant, but while Windows and the Device Manager clearly see the microphone and allow me to adjust settings; no form of input is recognized through any software or apps I've tried thus far.
As far as updates: I'm not certain, but this issue may have coincided with a system update for me (I can't remember if there was an actual system update, or simply some Windows Defender patch).
Not sure what to do at this point beyond an OS refresh (blargh), so any help is greatly appreciated. I'd also like to know from the OP whether or not the privacy settings fixes your issue (if so, then maybe I've just done something wrong on my end). Thanks.
