So I may have finally figured out what was has been causing my Windows WHEA_UNCORRECTABLE_ERRORs and Linux to stop recognizing my NIC and Kernel Panicking.
According to the ASUS PRIME X399-A my 5V rail is 4.5V. Now this would be less concerning if this was while under load but this was while idling in the BIOS. For a lot of electronics they market that +/- 10% is within operating spec but if you're already @10% and the system isn't being stressed I can see that going far enough to cause the system issues. I validated that this was the cause by plugging in my 10-ish year old Kingwin Lazer 1000W and running the system for a week or two. All issues disappeared and the BIOS reported the 5V rail as ~5V.
So the problem PSU is a original Corsair AX1200i
Quite frankly I'm disappointing. This is a pre-mature death. I bought this back in 2013 so it's only currently about 6.5 years old and I've never pulled over 750W-ish from it ever so it's had an easy life.
Now I've always had a habit of dismantling things because I just have a very curious nature. Also for dusting things out. To my surprise though and very unexpectedly I've never actually voided the warranty sticker on this thing:
So, I'm going to see what happens if I try to cash in on the warranty. For the AXi series specifically Corsair currently offers a 10 year warranty of which I'm only in ~6.5 years. Was it 10 years 6.5 years ago? No idea but I've already sent them a message though their support website so we're going to find out.
I do hope all they ask for is the PSU itself if it's approved and not all the cables since I may have voided the warranty on those if that's possible. To buy the updated unit today would cost $340 + tax & shipping (for me would = >$400) so I'm really hoping they let me replace this under warranty.
One of the reasons I switched to Linux in the first place was just to try and get away from WHEA_UNCORRECTABLE_ERRORs but seeing Linux have errors of it's own kind of cancelled it out. Even if replacing the PSU does fix my problems with Windows I don't think I'll be going back. Windows in a VM with GPU pass-though and some CPU/RAM optimization performs almost as well and I'm just liking working with something different.
Though Ubuntu 19.04 is having some buggy issues of it's own I need to research and work out.