Found a work around:
After trawling google, I found only one thread that described a similar problem. There the solution was to disable "fast startup" in Windows. This, however, didn't solve my problem.
I tried to enter BIOS to poke around in there, but the noise and flickering was too intense to be able to do anything (re-plugging the monitor before Windows loaded didn't fix the problem).
I thought I could use on-board graphics in the meantime (to avoid wearing out the cable port in my graphics card), but the onboard ports were not functional and in Device Manager, I noticed that I didn't have an entry for integrated motherboard graphics.
This meant I had no choice but to persevere through the noise and try to enable IGPU in BIOS.
When I enabled IGPU in BIOS, I didn't change the video ports and the next thing I saw was a noise-free image of the logon screen.
Now, this means I don't get a signal to the monitor (plugged into graphics card) until the Windows logon screen loads, but it also fixed the noise and flickering problem.
If anyone knows of a proper solution to this problem, it would be greatly appreciated.