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Which Hardware and Softare to use to program own device?

JasonWdener
By JasonWdener
in Hobby Electronics
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Hello All, 

I am very new to this so sorry for asking such a basic question. I want to program my own device. For example,  a watch, toy, some machine I make or anything else. I want it to connect to my phone via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. Can you please guide me what kind of hardware I can use for these kind of things and also what type of software I can use to program them. 

Thank you so much for your help!

Sam

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Any computer to program it. Arduino, raspberry pi, edison, or another microprocessor

▓ƆԀ▓ S▓₱▓Ɇ▓c▓s▓: i7 6ʇɥפᴉƎ00K (4.4ghz), Asus DeLuxe X99A II, GT҉X҉1҉0҉8҉0 Zotac Amp ExTrꍟꎭe),Si6F4Gb D???????r PlatinUm, EVGA G2 Sǝʌǝᘉ5ᙣᙍᖇᓎᙎᗅᖶt, Phanteks Enthoo Primo, 3TB WD Black, 500gb 850 Evo, H100iGeeTeeX, Windows 10, K70 R̸̢̡̭͍͕̱̭̟̩̀̀̃́̃͒̈́̈́͑̑́̆͘͜ͅG̶̦̬͊́B̸͈̝̖͗̈́, G502, HyperX Cloud 2s, Asus MX34. פN∩SW∀S 960 EVO

Just keeping this here as a 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Raspberry Pi is probably one of the easiest to learn if you want to make a more computer-based project as it is essentially a small cheap Linux computer. But if it is a simpler project that might need very basic programming then an Arduino might be the way to go. For example, I programmed a Raspberry Pi to run as a pinball machine. Like an actual arcade cabinet with a screen and visuals. Whereas now I am doing a project where I am making a claw machine that runs off an Arduino.

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8 minutes ago, JasonWdener said:

Hello All, 

I am very new to this so sorry for asking such a basic question. I want to program my own device. For example,  a watch, toy, some machine I make or anything else. I want it to connect to my phone via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. Can you please guide me what kind of hardware I can use for these kind of things and also what type of software I can use to program them. 

Thank you so much for your help!

Sam

raspberry Pi for sure. programing can be done in a few different ways but they are cheap as hell and there is plenty of help and tutorials about, while being way more powerful than an arduino

My rig: r7 1700 @ 3.9/1.35v, 16gb ddr4 3200, assorted rando SSDs, hx 1050, vega 64 1650/1025

MY $75 BUILD https://linustechtips.com/main/topic/576889-the-75-build-log/#comment-7547280

 

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Raspberry Pi is fine on a relatively small device.  It gives you a full (linux) OS experience, which is close to the android you would probably run for a smart watch.  Additionally, the Pi gives you bluetooth by default.  The raspberry pi supports Python and any other language you can compile/ interpret on linux.

 

  In comparison, an Arduino is usually the place you want to start if you want to get into the device/IoT space.  It has a bunch of tutorials and forums, etc to get started with.  You have more direct control over pins, timing, and communications, among others.  Additionally, essentially any microcontroller, such as an arduino will have an Analog to Digital converter for things like reading temperature, battery level, audio, etc.  The basic model does not have bluetooth, but there might be newer models which do?  The Arduino board is programmed in the Arduino language, which is more or less C++ with some libraries, though most users write it more like C.

 

If you are comfortable with Arduino, and are interested in wireless, move on to the ESP bluetooth/wifi micros, which there are multiple development boards/ breakout boards for.

 

Even though the Arduino and Raspberry Pi are hobbyist level, they are good representations of the industry areas of, respectively, pure Embedded computing, or the gray area of embedded linux/ higher software developement.

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Microcontrollers like Arduino or Microchip PIC series can be programmed using very cheap programmers.

 

They connect to the PC using serial port or USB or (for older programmers) parallel (printer) port. The IDE (software in which you write the code) compiles the code into a binary file and then sends it to the programmer which "uploads" the file into the microcontroller by sending it specific commands.

 

An example of a programmer for the PIC series of microcontrollers from Microchip is this recently released one, which is cheap at around $15:  https://www.microchip.com/Developmenttools/ProductDetails/PG164100

You connect this to the PC using USB cable and then connect the programmer to your PIC microcontroller through 4 or 5 wires (voltage and ground, two data wires). Super simple.

 

Arduino boards basically have a Microchip Atmel microcontroller on them which comes from the factory with a very basic program written in them (bootloader) which allows the software on the PC to transfer data to the board and then that code programs the microcontroller... so you don't need a programmer.

But, you CAN buy the actual microcontroller chip or something similar but with more memory or higher speed and use a programmer to program your own code in the blank microcontroller.

Here's an example of a programmer you can make yourself for around $16: https://learn.adafruit.com/usbtinyisp

There are commercial programmers made by Microchip (who bought Atmel the company that made the microcontroller on Arduino boards) but don't have the time to look it up now

 

As for boards like Raspberry pi ... those are not microcontrollers, it's basically a computer, the board has a processor with separate RAM and video card and flash memory for storage and everything... basically you install a whole operating system and then you can simply write programs directly in the computer and compile them and run them.

 

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