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Summary A method for implementing scheduling Distributed Computing (DC) tasks to take advantage of Time-of-Use (ToU) Electricity rates. Introduction Once you start running multiple Central Processing Units (CPUs) and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) working on Distributed Computing (DC) tasks the energy consumed can become large and Utility power bills a significant burden. Many Utility power providers offer Time of Use (ToU) rates where electricity is priced most expensively at “On-Peak” times, more expensively at “Mid-Peak” times and least expensively at “Off-Peak” times. Depending on your goals and finances it may be convenient to suspend DC tasks during more expensive ToU periods and resume them during less expensive ToU periods. For example, my electricity provider in Eastern Ontario, Canada, defines ToU rates for summer (May 1st through October 31st) and winter (November 1st through April 30th) weekdays: Season Start Time Period Cost $/kWh Summer 07:00 Mid-Peak 0.102 Summer 11:00 On-Peak 0.151 Summer 17:00 Mid-Peak 0.102 Summer 19:00 Off-Peak 0.074 Winter 07:00 On-Peak 0.151 Winter 11:00 Mid-Peak 0.102 Winter 17:00 On-Peak 0.151 Winter 19:00 Off-Peak 0.074 As can be seen the electricity rate more than doubles during the On-Peak period compared to Off-Peak and is 39% more expensive during Mid-Peak periods. The rationale for the periods is that the “baseload” power during off-peak periods is supplied from always on-line Nuclear and Hydro-electric generation and during Peak usage more expensive generation using Natural Gas is employed. During summer the On-Peak period corresponds to the hottest period of the day and was likely established to encourage consumers to reduce set-points on Air Conditioning (A/C) to conserve electricity. The Winter On-Peak rates appear to target times when households are waking or arriving home from work and so appear to be encouraging use of high power devices such as drying machines and stoves earlier and later in the day. BOINC The Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) client supports suspending applications and no penalty is incurred for suspending then resuming a task. The BOINC Manager application includes functionality for scheduling when during the day tasks should run: Note, however, that you can only schedule one period of activity per day and so may be unsuitable for more complex use cases. To accommodate needing to schedule more than one BOINC suspend/resume cycle in a day we can leverage the boinccmd application which can be used to send commands to a locally attached BOINC client or a remote client by specifying its IP Address and, optionally, a password. The BOINC client must first be configured to allow Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) on the target client, the source of the RPC call must be specified and, optionally, a password. Linux/MacOS The examples used here are for Linux (Ubuntu 22.04) but can be used on a Mac. There is no command to suspend or resume all BOINC applications running on a host but the running applications can be enumerated using the tool and the results used to suspend or resume all running applications. For a locally attached client the syntax is: for url in $(boinccmd --get_project_status | sed -n 's/\s*master URL: //p'); do boinccmd --project ${url} suspend; done For a remote client the syntax is: for url in $(boinccmd –-host <IP> [--passwd <Password>] --get_project_status | sed -n 's/\s*master URL: //p'); do boinccmd –-host <IP> [--passwd <Password>] --project ${url} suspend; done On a local host the code can be placed in a script and launched at appropriate times using the cron utility. Create the script: sudo nano ~/all_boinc_tou.sh Adding: #!/bin/bash for url in $(/usr/bin/boinccmd --get_project_status | sed -n 's/\s*master URL: //p'); do /usr/bin/boinccmd --project ${url} $1; done Type <Ctrl>+x to exit the editor saving the file. Make the script executable: sudo chmod +x ~/all_boinc_tou.sh Edit the root crontab: sudo crontab –e appending: # use /bin/bash to run commands, instead of the default /bin/sh SHELL=/bin/bash # Time of day BOINC # Summer: May 1st - Oct 31st # Mid-Peak 07:00 - 11:00 00 07 * * 1-5 /root/all_boinc_tou.sh suspend # On-Peak 11:00-17:00 #00 11 * * 1-5 /root/all_boinc_tou.sh suspend # Mid-Peak 17:00 - 19:00 #00 17 * * 1-5 /root/all_boinc_tou.sh resume # Off-Peak 19:00-07:00 00 19 * * 1-5 /root/boinc_tou.sh resume # # Winter: Nov 1st - Apr 30th # On-Peak 07:00 - 11:00 #00 07 * * 1-5 /root/all_boinc_tou.sh suspend # Mid-Peak 11:00-17:00 #00 11 * * 1-5 /root/all_boinc_tou.sh resume # On-Peak 17:00 - 19:00 #00 17 * * 1-5 /root/all_boinc_tou.sh suspend # Off-Peak 19:00-07:00 #00 19 * * 1-5 /root/all_boinc_tou.sh resume Here we have enabled BOINC applications to run during the current Season (summer) during Off-Peak hours from 7pm until 7am weekdays. Exit saving the file. If we wanted to run BOINC during the Mid-Peak as well as Off-Peak during the Summer we could do so by commenting out (prepending a “#” at the start of) the Mid-Peak line and un-commenting (removing the “#”) at the start of the On-Peak line. Windows Under Windows we can use the Task Scheduler to created two Scheduled Tasks, one to Suspend BOINC Tasks and the other to Resume them. Open the Task Scheduler (Start Menu | Windows Administrative Tools): In the Actions Pane at the Right click on “Create Task …” In the General Tab: Give the Task a Name and Description and make sure to select “Run whether the user is logged on or not” In the “Triggers” tab we create triggers to specify when we want the “Action” (suspend command) to run: Click on the “New …” button to define a new Trigger: Select “Weekly” and check “Monday” through “Friday” to have the Task run on Weekdays and set the “Start” to the time of day that BOINC should be suspended. Click “OK” to save the Trigger. Create Triggers for each time when the BOINC Projects should be suspended. Next we create an Action to suspend each BOINC Project we are running. These will require the Master URLs for each Project. These can be found by running in a Command Prompt: “C:\Program Files\BOINC\boinccmd.exe” --get_project_status | find "master URL" The leading “http(s)://” should be excluded. Click on the “Actions” tab: In the “Actions” tab click on “New” to create a new Action: Entering: Program/script: "C:\Program Files\BOINC\boinccmd.exe" including the quotes. Add arguments (optional): add: --project <master URL> suspend where “<master URL>” is one of the Master URLs found above using the “get_project_status” command. In this example we use: --project einstein.phys.uwm.edu suspend To suspend Einstein@Home. Click “OK” to save the Action. Add additional Actions for each Project you wish to follow this schedule. Click “OK” to save the Scheduled Task. You will be prompted for your Password so the Task can be run even if you are not currently logged on to the system. Following the same steps now create another Scheduled Task to resume the projects when desired changing the “argument” in the “Action” to: “--project <master URL> suspend” to “--project <master URL> resume” Holidays, when ToU rates do not apply. can be accommodated by editing the Triggers a few days in advance to not include the holiday and changing it back after the Holiday. Folding at Home For Folding at Home (F@H) things are a little more complicated. Folding at Home has a Quick Return Bonus (QRB) to encourage prompt processing of Work Units (WUs are like tasks in BOINC). If a WU is suspended the QRB, which is exponential in nature to reward participants with fast CPUs and GPUs, can dramatically decrease to the point where “dumping” the WU and starting another would net more points. “Dumping” is discouraged as it can interrupt the flow of work and progress of the Science being done. In informal testing pausing GPU WUs for more than a couple of hours is counter-productive. A better strategy for longer intervals is to evaluate the average duration of WUs for the GPUs in your system and then set the tasks to “finish” at 1/2 to 2/3 the average duration before the ToU period starts. For example, if tasks on average take 3 hours to complete on your GPU and your ToU period ends at 07:00 then you could set your WUs to finish at 05:30. In this manner, on average, half the tasks would finish between 05:30 and 07:00 and the other half between 07:00 and 08:30. This can be adjusted to meet your needs as required. The FAHClient application can be used to send commands to a locally attached F@H client or a remote client. For a locally connected client the command to pause tasks is: FAHClient --send_pause to finish tasks is: FAHClient --send_finish and to resume paused or start new tasks: FAHClient --send_unpause For remote Clients you need to first configure Remote Access and then connect to the remote client using either the FAHClient remote console port (TCP 36333) and use a scripting language such as expect or Secure Shell (SSH) to send a remote command. We will use SSH and assume that the Clients are configured to authenticate using the SSH Public Key of the user on the system initiating the command. To pause tasks on a remote system we use: ssh <hostname> ‘FAHClient --send_pause’ to finish tasks on a remote system we use: ssh <hostname> ‘FAHClient --send_finish’ and to resume paused or start new tasks on a remote system: ssh <hostname> ‘FAHClient --send_unpause’ Linux On a local host the commands can be executed on the schedule using the cron utility with the commands placed in the root crontab. Edit the root crontab: sudo crontab –e appending: # use /bin/bash to run commands, instead of the default /bin/sh SHELL=/bin/bash # Time of Day Folding # Summer: May 1st - Oct 31st # Mid-Peak 07:00 - 11:00 30 5 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-finish #00 7 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-pause # On-Peak 11:00-17:00 #30 9 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-finish #00 11 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-pause # Mid-Peak 17:00 - 19:00 #00 17 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-unpause # Off-Peak 19:00-07:00 00 19 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-unpause # # Winter: Nov 1st - Apr 30th # On-Peak 07:00 - 11:00 #30 5 * * 2-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-finish #00 7 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-pause # Mid-Peak 11:00 - 17:00 #00 11 * * 2-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-unpause # On-Peak 17:00 - 19:00 #30 15 * * 2-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-finish #00 17 * * 2-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-pause # Off-Peak 19:00 - 07:00 #00 19 * * 2-5 /usr/bin/FAHClient --send-unpause Here we have enabled F@H tasks to run during the current Season (Summer) during Off-Peak hours from 7pm until 7am weekdays setting the running tasks to “finish” starting at 05:30. Exit saving the file. If we wanted to run F@H during the Mid-Peak as well as Off-Peak during the Winter we could do so by commenting out (prepending a “#” at the start of) the Mid-Peak line and un-commenting (removing the “#”) at the start of the On-Peak line. Windows In Windows we can use the Task Scheduler as described previously to create Finish and Resume Tasks which include in the “Actions” tab: Program/script: "C:\Program Files (x86)\FAHClient\FAHClient.exe" (including the quotes) Add arguments (optional): --send-finish (OR –send-unpause as appropriate.) Multiple GPUs If you have multiple GPUs in a system and wish to specify differing times to Finish WUs then simple append the slot ID at the end the "finish" command to specify the GPU to finish at that time. Conclusion We have maximized our production in Distributed Computing applications (BOINC and/or Folding@Home) while minimizing our electricity usage during more expensive Time-of-Use rates. Here you can see the results across seven systems with multiple GPUs with summer season ToU scheduler settings: We are just running Distributed Computing applications during the least expensive ToU rates here and setting Folding@Home to “finish” Work so on average power consumption is greatly decreased when the On-Peak period starts at 07:00.
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hi all i mount my windows shares with this in fstab //192.168.1.10/backup /mnt/backup cifs username=xxx,password=xxx 0 0 buut when i close my laptop for a while those shares doesnt work any more, are busy or something so they cant be unmounted or mounted, so only reboot will do and that takes few min because mx have mounted drives wich cant be unmounted.. that or button power off.. so i look for a way if possible to unmount everything when i close lid on laptop so it doesnt break while in standby, i can easily remount everything with mount -a umountnfs.sh works well for unmounting but duno how to use it automaticaly when laptop goes to standby system is mx kde on thinkpad x260 thanks ;)
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Does anyone know how I can edit these kinds of memes: You know, that real high quality, funny stuff. I have hit film pro, well the free one but still. Like how do you crop away elements of a video to then combine it in another. Anyone have some tutorial videos they can share?
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Hey Linus community! So I'm in the fun position of being the "Hey, you tinker around on computers and know the basics so you're clearly IT" guy at work and I was recently asked to build a system capable of running and recording a series of security cameras while also operating as a regular-use computer though that use requires minimal system resources and has previously been handled by a low-end prebuilt Dell. For anyone who has dealt with security systems, I'm trying to figure out the following: 1. Is it even a smart idea to build a system for managing a security system as I've found prebuilt security system PCs and hardware DVR systems that to my eye, might be a more cost-effective and reliable solution than creating a sufficient PC that can also be used for basic Office functions. 2. If building a system, should I use server CPUs/motherboards to handle 24/7 operation or is that overkill? 3. Would Linux be the best OS choice?
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Hey Guys, I am running out of space, my 1TB drive is almost full, I will buy a Zotac T400 120gb as my Boot Device, How can I clone or transfer my boot sequence to the new ssd? Because cloning will transfer all the files to the new path, I wanted only to transfer the Windows 10.
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Hey guys im currently using a Corsair 400C, its a pretty nice case with a big window, however ive notice that the acrylic has some scratches, is there any product or trick to remove that? Thank you
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So today while watching a YouTube video, I found a bit of a hidden feature of the Blade keyboard. If you press and hold the FN key and press one of the numbers, it'll switch your lighting profile to whatever key you pressed. I also managed to put the fans into some sort of turbo mode while doing this, but I don't quite know how. Hope this helped you guys, I don't really know why it isn't documented anywhere.
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Updated Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04: Why Linux: It will run well on older hardware that can be re purposed for a dedicated folding machine. You can disable automatic updates. It will perform 5-10% better than Windows due to Driver and OpenMM Core 21 issues in Windows. I have found it to be more stable than Windows with months of up-time. YMMV Why Ubuntu: It is well supported by a large Community and the Long Term Support (LTS) version is supported by Canonical until 2023. Prerequisites: Pretty much any 2GHz or faster processor with a minimum of 2-3GB DDR3 and a PCIe 2 x16 slot should work. If your not running DHCP on your router you’ll need an available IP Address, and to note your Subnet Mask and Gateway Address. NVidia GTX or RTX GPU (AMD GPUs are NOT covered here yet, but if anyone wants to contribute please do so) OS Install (Ubuntu Desktop 18.04.3): This is the LTS Desktop version. More adventurous types may want to consider installing the LTS Server version for a less cluttered install. There are several other guides on how to setup a Linux Folding Rig (see the Reference Section at the end) Note: Ubuntu 19 has removed support for Python2 so FAHControl will not work Download Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS Desktop ISO File Burn the ISO to a USB key using Rufus or similar tool Boot from the USB key and start the install For US English just accept the defaults Partition the whole disk as a single “Root” partition, don’t bother creating a separate swap partition. use the default Gnome Desktop (GDM3) for now, it can be changed later. OS Configuration: Graphics Drivers: OpenCL: Folding Client: Configure Folding Client: Configure GPU and, optionally, CPU Slots Configure Advanced Options (Beta Flag, Pause on Start, ...) Configuring X-Windows and GPU: System Administration 101: The Terminal is your Best Friend Starting, Stopping and Restarting Services Package Updates (Aptitude, dpkg, apt ...) Monitoring System Health (htop, ps, sensors, ...) Monitoring GPU Performance (nvidia-settings, nvidia-smi) Monitoring Folding Performance (FAHclient) Advanced Topics: Multiple GPUs In most standard mid and full-tower ATX cases with dual-fan cards the lower card will cook the upper card. I usually install the higher performing card in the lower slot so it is not breathing the hot air from the adjacent card. I have noticed that running the fans on the lower card about 10% above the stock value will result in the upper card getting cooler air and running at a lower temperature and boosting higher. Remote Management via CLI Use your favorite SSH application to access the folding machine. I use PuTTY. Remote Folding Client Control Headless Operation Running BOINC and FaH Dual-Booting Linux & Windows (Install Windows 1st; Disable Fast Boot; Shrink Partition; Install Linux in free space) References: Build Guides: Chris21010's at EVGAform's Guide to Multi GPU on Linux Mint Puget Systems' Dr. Donald Kinghorn: The Best Way To Install Ubuntu 18.04 with NVIDIA Drivers and any Desktop Flavor TenneseeTony's GUIDE: Linux Mint 18.3 Cinnamon with Nvidia GPU(s) Hiiargarin's Linux Mint & Ubuntu Folding: http://www.bronyathome.org/forums/showthread.php?tid=626 (dead link) Folding Client Install: Folding@Home: Alternative Downloads Folding@Home: Manual Installation (Advanced) iceflatline's Install and Configure Folding@home on Ubuntu Server Proprietary GPU Drivers: PPA Graphics Drivers Team NVidia Graphics Drivers: NVidia Graphics Driver README nvidia-smi documentation NVidia Management Library Reference Manual NVML API Reference Guide NVidia Tools for Managing GPU Clusters NVidia CUDA Toolkit Documentation ArchLinux Wiki: NVidia Tips & Tricks NVidia Headless Server Ubuntu Documentation Hardware Monitoring: NVidia: FAN Control Ubuntu 18.04 IT87 Kernel Module (All Gigabyte, and some Asus, Motherboards): Kernel.org: IT87 Kernel Module Default Supported Chips Phoronix: IT87 Linux Driver For Supporting Many Motherboard Sensors Is Facing Death Leve1Techs: I patched the IT87 (Temperature monitoring) driver, need some help testing it GitHub: Read-Only Archive of Guenter Roeck's Experimental IT87 Driver
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I just built a new pc using Ryzen 3600 and was wondering how to set up ryzen master 2.0 to use PBO on system startup? It seems to be resetting to the default profile everytime I reboot or restart the software. Am I mistaken or am I doing something wrong? Thanks!
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So i wanted to disable my antivirus and i went to setting typed in: Virus and treat protection then i pressed and they said me: You ned new app to open this windows defender link.
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Can someone tell me how to download bluetooth/ download link because my pc doesnt have one
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So I think my Gigabyte 1060 Windforce 6gb is dying. when she gets up to temp in game and the fans kick on boy are they loud. I was thinking about replacing with some aftermarket fans. Has anyone ever done this to this GPU specifically? I'm sure its been done to others before. I looked into a water block for this card but can't find one that's not overly cheap and sketchy. If you guys have any advice lmk!! thank you
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Hello, I'm a school student. I recently got a 1TB hardrive. I've a 2015 MacBook Air, and a gaming PC, with a 6700k and a GTX 1060,32GB of Hyper-x DDR4 ram, Is there any way I cloud setup my pc as a sever and set it up in such a way that I could access my Hard drive from my school from my Mac and also write files on to it, and also is there a way to give access to some of my friends? Please do reply, As I my Mac only has 128GB of space on it and Its running out quick!
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I'm looking to upgrade my cpu. Ive got an i7-7700k compatible with my Lga 1151 MO, and an Corsair H75 cooler. Im wondering what i need to know when switching cpus, if there's anything in the bios or in windows I need to change, If my 650w power supply is enough. I want to make sure i'm doing things right and I can't seem to find a good guide, and this community has been helpful before
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Hi! Im building a gaming pc to last long and play games very well, can you tell me if these parts fit together, have i forgot anything, is there any possible problems, you think this is good for gaming and give me some tips! Pc parts: Intel Core i7-7700K 4,2 GHz LGA1151, Asus ROG STRIX Z270F GAMING Intel Z270 LGA1151 ATX, Kingston HyperX FURY DDR4 2666 MHz CL16 16 Gt, Samsung 850 EVO SSD 500 Gt 2,5" SATA3 -SSD, Phanteks Eclipse P400S Tempered Glass -ATX, Cooler Master Hyper 212 LED, MSI GeForce GTX 1060 Gaming X 6G 6144 Mt PCI-e, Corsair CX750M 750 W ATX
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So im kinda getting into the idea of home servers and stuff like lancaching etc. I have a couple of 250gb ssds, and a couple of 500gb harddrives. I was thinking about splitting one ssd and use it as caching for 2hdds, how would one do that? Ive seen some softwares. But is there another way to do it for free? What do you guys suggest?
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I'm building computer for 2 years now and I'm buying a lot online... I see all the time there is rebates but idk how to claim them.... I can't sim to found good tutorials so I would happy if any one will be able to teach me how.
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Hello All, The start begins here, my buddy's mother works at a school and the school ended up giving her a laptop since they were upgrading at the time, his mom had no use for it since she had the school's desktop and this is how my friend has come into possession of it. My buddy is not very Tech-Savvy at all and attempted to remove a virus from his computer and accidentally removed his account from the computer which only has one user, the account was the school's Admin account and now he cannot do anything, not even create an account. I attempted to remedy this also by telling him to just factory reset the laptop and a working version of windows will be recognized and activated with his new account set up as is with all factory resets, when he goes into the F11 options, it will not open, which is the recovery menu which houses the "Factory Reset" function we would need, he can enter the boot menu and change value's there, but I don't know how to utilize the "Boot menu" for this circumstance, I'm willing to buy him a new HDD for the computer, but I would rather not, so any ideas on this matter. How would we wipe the HDD to "Factory New"?, or make a new account on the laptop? The Laptop is: hp probook 4545s http://www.cnet.com/products/hp-probook-4545s-15-6-a-series-a6-4400m-windows-7-pro-64-bit-4-gb-ram-500-gb-hdd-series/specs/ Thank's. ~Nex Shwayze~
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Hello Linus Tech Tips Forum My PC have some coil wine and vibrations, and its annoying. How can i make my PC more silent. Cost max: 200 $ -Rasmus
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Hey guys. Im new here so if anything is wrong with this topic, please comment and let me know. But let's get started.. So i am going to make a custom loop in my pc, and i need some questions answered by the reservoir. I was planning on making a bay res/pump combo but wanted a tube res instead, maybe a res/pump combo but just as a tube instead. where can i mount it? and which ones could fit in my case? Im doing the loop with a 360mm radiator in the top (46mm thick) and a 280mm in the front (60mm thick). The loop is going to be for 2 980ti's and a 5930k. If some of you already have made a build like this i would be extremly happy to see how you did it!! And if the options are really bad i might get another case. Sorry if my english is bad.
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Hey guys, i bought a defective mainboard off ebay, just for fun and for the challenge to learn smth. first i thought the problem would be the bent CPU socket pins, fortunately it wasnt that bad so after an hour i got all of them straight and in the correct position as good as new. If i'm turning the system on, it provides energy to the cpu (since it gets warm) and at least the fans (havent checked more so far) but the display stays completely black in all possible configs. after disassembling again, i noticed a rather small and not very deep scratch (possibly caused by a uncorrect mounted backplate). the paint coat is missing and you can see the copper inside but its not as deep as it goes through the copper. I'm just wondering how to fix this? Could this be the reason for it beeing defective or is this not that severe? tried my best to take a picture, i hope someone knows something
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So my PC have been starting to slowing down and have some random stuff that i want to remove but always find so file parts allover everywhere. I would want to Empty PC HD, SSD and then reinstall Win10. Problem is that its updated from 8 to 10 and i dont have CD nor backup windows on USB. And i have Asus ROG computer so there are few drivers i need. What are my options to do all this? I would appreciate help.
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hey there! so im a noob coming to scripting and also at using the Steelseries sentry. what i whant to try out is getting the freelook camera in Dirt rally to work with the Steelseries sentry. where do i start? how do i make the particular script work with the particulare game? nad how to i write the script? thx if you can help me get started