whaka

well, you have 2 possibilities.
the inductor die by itself (this can happen if borderline spec, and so) and pray everything behind/after it doesn't die... (and i don't believe it... specially what is connected at her output.)
the second is evrything behind and after it died too...
 
but first, you have to track on what it's connected, desoldering it, and see at least, if the converter behind it still provide normal voltage (not 0V or 12V)
R68 mean 680 nano henry, for her value.
then, you mostly have to guess how many amps could go trhu it, depending on what is the load.

this is a  misinterpretation of this temperature range, operating temperature is not the controller temperature himself.
this mean, it can operate upto 70°C ambient temperature.
 
the controller himself probably have a max junction temperature around 150°C.
96°C is not critical for the controller, but it lead for sure to thermal throttling.

phew... this price...
as the main question is answered, i can only advice you to buy your kit directly from crucial, i think you'll be surprised.

yep, but it was an I5 with less cores, no hyperthreding, and a lower TDP, and others little differences like die/ihs thickness.
10th gen run hotter, and this cannot really be considered abnormal. you got 8 cores, hyperthreding, and far higher TDP.
and considering 10th gen is again a skylake refreshing... it's more hard to get power efficency.

no, just forget, i didn't see the second page
but anyway, don't worry for the psu itself. they are short circuit protected. that's why you just get very briefly light blink and shut down.
that's the short circuit protection doing his perfect job.