VishTech

I’m sure you can get a SATA to PATA adapter, check relevant websites online to see this. I know it is available as I have used one in the past for archiving.
 
I would try a usb version which would be faster and easier. 

Vinyl is easier and faster to apply as the above post said. You could add painted decals if you wanted to

By the looks of it, I don’t think you can change this one, only reason this has been done is to allow for clearance tolerances within the case itself. You could however try a custom flat back plate but you’d have to work out if you have space etc. It would be a custom job. 

Check your memory, CPU, GPU and connections are correct and seated properly before restarting. Try a reset by clearing the CMOS or booting with a different drive. 
 
Also proprietor OEM manufactures also have hardware that when swapped won’t allow boot up. Consider recent changes which may affect this.