Personally, I would always choose Python. It is simply much more powerful compared to Matlab and Octave. However, if you are mainly interested in implementing algorithms for testing or understanding or plotting a function, you will do well with Octave. For Octave I have created a youtube channel that is especially for beginners:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHhpS8dROT70q9CFJlXwSEA
Many greetings