First of all, thank you for the wonderful community and the knowledge it has provided me throughout the years. Most of the time I tend to find ready solutions in here, so I actually never needed to post I'll try to keep the problem short:
An Acer Predator X34A needs to be connected to an ASUS VivoBook Pro 15 N580VD, with G-Sync working. After some cable and adapter quality issues, the way I finally have it set up right now is using a Dell miniDP to DP dongle, hooked up to the included DP cable, that came with the monitor. All previous attempts to get a proper working connection to my MSI GS43VR laptop failed miserably. Now I can finally confirm it all works and I get full res at 100Hz, with G-Sync working.
So, that's the sanity check part. However, my girlfriend also needs to use the monitor. Her aforementioned ASUS does manage to connect to it with the help of an extra Type-C to miniDP dongle (dongle madness) at up to 100Hz! However, no G-Sync. The menu just isn't there in the Nvidia control panel. In fact, most things are missing.
So, Type-C ALT mode definitely works. However, if Windows display adapter properties is to be believed, the DP output is apparently hooked up to the integrated Intel GPU by default. That seems to work fine and could explain the lack of settings within Nvidia control panel.
Still, the GTX 1050, inside the laptop does get utilized in games. I have managed to set it explicitly within Nvidia control panel and the frame rates in-game definitely prove the games are running on the 1050 and not the potato Intel HD4000. So, I have at least proven that the Alt-mode DP isn't solely connected to the integrated graphics and some switching is happening behind the scenes. Then I tried running a game in windowed mode, hoping that would force the Nvidia control panel to start showing more options, since it should now be pumping out all the frames. No luck…
If anyone has any idea how I can even begin to troubleshoot this, I would be very grateful. Just to summarize, everything is working great, except G-Sync.