GPU core memory controller and VRAM both can cause artifact, depending on the VRAM modules used on your graphic card they might not be very high compatibility for you to OC them 2 well together in the first place.
Is a hard to diagnose scenario because sometimes games don't artifact will still crash, and stress test program don't guarantees everyday gaming stability until you encounter a game crash, read graph for the last utilization spike or sudden drop before crash. Tune down something, stable the power delivery in Nvidia CP, and continue your days on. It can take months to findout a stability for all the games.
The best game i used for testing GPU/VRAM stability was Witcher 3. 3DMark and Heaven stress test would pass my OC and all games run fine except Witcher 3 will crash until i reduce VRAM to a near complete stock speed. Eventually i got tired and not wanting my VRAM to melt just to leave my expensive working GPU core render useless, nowdays i just run OC GPU and leave VRAM stock, no artifact, no crash, no worries.