iRiverflow

In the video, Linus says that the depth of discharge is important. So the optimal method is to charge anywhere between 25%-80% capacity. This means that there will be more charge sessions. Does more charge sessions also wear out the battery? If so, does this mean that the disadvantage of increasing the number charge sessions is outweighed by the benefit of keeping it in the 25%-80% capacity? 

In the video, Linus says that the depth of discharge is important. So the optimal method is to charge anywhere between 25%-80% capacity. This means that there will be more charge sessions. Does more charge sessions also wear out the battery? If so, does this mean that the disadvantage of increasing the number charge sessions is outweighed by the benefit of keeping it in the 25%-80% capacity? 

These should answer all your questions:
http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/processors/processor-numbers.html
http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/processor-product-names-decoded/
 
@iRiverflow

There's a lot of sub $100 great cases, such as the NZXT S340, Fractal Design Define S, and Phanteks Enthoo Pro. 

Did you bend the pins on the cpu? If not then you should be fine.
Make sure to put new thermal paste between the cpu and heatsink before you actually power the pc on or you could break things. The old stuff is definitely unusable.
Get a power cable and new thermal paste and power it on and see how good it is. Depending on your budget and performance target I would either say it's pretty decent already or that you need a new GPU.
Oh, and get a new case if everything works and makes you happy. Test it first though--you don't need a power button to turn on the PC.