A couple chemistry questions...

[FLAMMABLEGAS17481]

Hi

this is for Australian year 8.

this for notes and revision, and its only 3 questions.

 

1. describe how particles in an atom are arranged and compare the weight and charge of each.

 

2.explain how mass numbers and atomic numbers are linked to atomic structure. Draw electron shell diagrams for 5 elements and write the electron configuration underneath. how are lewis diagrams and electron shell diagrams different?

 

3.explain why the periodic table is a considered an important document/invention in science. how can the period table be used to gain information about the elements?

 

 

Thats it, there are other question but i googled them myself, 

 

Thanks in advance. and this isn't homework it for revision.

[DoubleY]

This is a tech forum, not Reddit

[SleathX1]

LinusHomeworkTips

[TheKDub]

1: Protons - Positive, Neutrons - Neutral, Electrons - Negative.  Protons and Neutrons are found in the core for the atom, and Electrons form a sort of "Shell" around it. Protons & Neutrons are both "Heavy" compared to Electrons, take Oxygen for example, it has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 valence electrons, with a total atomic mass of ~ 16.

 

2. Atomic Number = Number of Protons. (And number of Neutrons), Mass Numbers = Protons + Neutrons. If you look at a periodic table, each of the columns starting from the left going to the right is 1 valence electron, and each row is the number of shells it has. (Skip the metals) So H has 1 valence electron in the 1st shell, Si has 4 valence electrons in the 3rd shell, Xe has 8 valence electrons in the 5th shell. (Not sure about metals..)

 

3. The periodic table can be used to see what elements will react similarly to certain things, and what the properties of the elements are, and so on.

 

(I might be off with some of this, its been a while since I learned it )

[KE2012]

1.

 

Protons and Nuetrons in the middle (A structure called a nucleus), Neutron and proton basically same weight, proton positively charged.

 

Electron is 'orbiting' around this nucleus and has a tiny tiny mass. Same charge as Proton but of opposite polarity.

 

2. 

 

Mass number = total nuetrons and Protons in an atom, Atomic number is the amount of protons in this nucleus.

 

(CBA to draw multiple atoms for you, or atleast not at this time)

 

3. Important as it correctly groups elements in a logical order, left spaces where elements were yet to be discovered, and yeah, im not massively sure on this one at this time in the morning.  

[rmac52]

1: Protons - Positive, Neutrons - Neutral, Electrons - Negative.  Protons and Neutrons are found in the core for the atom, and Electrons form a sort of "Shell" around it. Protons & Neutrons are both "Heavy" compared to Electrons, take Oxygen for example, it has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 valence electrons, with a total atomic mass of ~ 16.

 

2. Atomic Number = Number of Protons. (And number of Neutrons), Mass Numbers = Protons + Neutrons. If you look at a periodic table, each of the columns starting from the left going to the right is 1 valence electron, and each row is the number of shells it has. (Skip the metals) So H has 1 valence electron in the 1st shell, Si has 4 valence electrons in the 3rd shell, Xe has 8 valence electrons in the 5th shell. (Not sure about metals..)

 

3. The periodic table can be used to see what elements will react similarly to certain things, and what the properties of the elements are, and so on.

 

(I might be off with some of this, its been a while since I learned it )

Atomic number is the number of protons only.  The number of neutrons is completely irrelevant to this.  Elements can have different numbers of neutrons.  For example carbon can have 6,7,and 8 neutrons.  The vast majority of naturally occurring carbon in C¹²  This is Carbon with 6 protons and 6 neutrons resulting in a mass number of 12.  You can have C¹³ This is carbon with 6 protons and 7 neutrons.  This is a naturally occurring isotope of carbon.  The mass number on the periodic table is the average mass number of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element.  That's why the mass number of carbon isn't 12, its 12.01

Keep in mind that ONLY the number of neutrons can change and have it still be carbon.  An atom with 7 protons and 6 neutrons would have a mass number of 13 but it would be an isotope of Nitrogen.  

[TheKDub]

Atomic number is the number of protons only.  The number of neutrons is completely irrelevant to this.  Elements can have different numbers of neutrons.  For example carbon can have 6,7,and 8 neutrons.  The vast majority of naturally occurring carbon in C¹²  This is Carbon with 6 protons and 6 neutrons resulting in a mass number of 12.  You can have C¹³ This is carbon with 6 protons and 7 neutrons.  This is a naturally occurring isotope of carbon.  The mass number on the periodic table is the average mass number of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element.  That's why the mass number of carbon isn't 12, its 12.01

Keep in mind that ONLY the number of neutrons can change and have it still be carbon.  An atom with 7 protons and 6 neutrons would have a mass number of 13 but it would be an isotope of Nitrogen.  

 

Yeah lol, as I said, its been quite a while since I learned that stuff.

[rmac52]

@Krockendra

A better way to ask for help would be to state the questions and then tell us what you don't understand.

This is a fairly decent website for basic chemistry topics

http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistry101/

 

If you have more questions feel free to ask and tag me so I can see them.  I don't mind helping.

I'm working on my masters in BioChemical Engineering so I'm not just talking out of my ass.

 

Also is your school year ending or starting now?   just curious.  I'm in the US and were are the end of the year now.

[FLAMMABLEGAS17481]

On 4/28/2015 at 11:48 AM, rmac52 said:

A better way to ask for help would be to state the questions and then tell us what you don't understand.

This is a fairly decent website for basic chemistry topics

http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistry101/

 

If you have more questions feel free to ask and tag me so I can see them.  I don't mind helping.

I'm working on my masters in BioChemical Engineering so I'm not just talking out of my ass.

 

Also is your school year ending or starting now?   just curious.  I'm in the US and were are the end of the year now.

2nd term, starting so we still have 2 terms left.

[blackadder]

Did you need more info, i was a chemistry major before changing to physics. The posters above did a good job and the corrections have been made that to thing that weren't . Did you need to go into orbits or shells?

[rmac52]

2nd term, starting so we still have 2 terms left.

Interesting.  Your in your fall season right?

For some reason i find it fascinating that its opposite.  I know that's how it is but its still interesting.  School in the US runs from September to June.  For primary school at least. College is typically September to December and the end of January to May

I have finals next week and then I'm off for the summer.

[rmac52]

Did you need more info, i was a chemistry major before changing to physics. The posters above did a good job and the corrections have been made that to thing that weren't . Did you need to go into orbits or shells?

What prompted the switch from Chemistry to Physics if you don't mind me asking?  Most Chem majors hate Physics and visa versa.

[blackadder]

What prompted the switch from Chemistry to Physics if you don't mind me asking? Most Chem majors hate Physics and visa versa.

when i started school i felt like i didn't have the math background, i really didn't. I loved them both, still do. I dropped out of school learned a lot of math, few years worth. As a chemist you don't get to mess with a lot of the stuff you would think. When i was around 16 i made thermate, powerful stuff, this really got me into chem. I was mostly concerned with interactions between particles, electrons are 95% of chemistry but, i wanted more than chemistry could give they didn't go onto enough math and i always felt like i was getting half the story. The job choices in physics is much more varied. You can do more with your degree. Chemist were at - 12% job growth in 2007 also. Theres tons of reasons honestly. My techers kept asking me my major and they would be surprised when i said chem. My physics and chemstry professor sat me down and we talked for a few hours, this is what helped me out the most, be honest and find honest people and talk to them like adults they love their subjects trust me.also math is fucking awesome after a point, its very philosophical. Also you get classes where they say this isn't rocket science, you passed that, this is hard, this is QED.

[rmac52]

when i started school i felt like i didn't have the math background, i really didn't. I loved them both, still do. I dropped out of school learned a lot of math, few years worth. As a chemist you don't get to mess with a lot of the stuff you would think. When i was around 16 i made thermate, powerful stuff, this really got me into chem. I was mostly concerned with interactions between particles, electrons are 95% of chemistry but, i wanted more than chemistry could give they didn't go onto enough math and i always felt like i was getting half the story. The job choices in physics is much more varied. You can do more with your degree. Chemist were at - 12% job growth in 2007 also. Theres tons of reasons honestly. My techers kept asking me my major and they would be surprised when i said chem. My physics and chemstry professor sat me down and we talked for a few hours, this is what helped me out the most, be honest and find honest people and talk to them like adults they love their subjects trust me.also math is fucking awesome after a point, its very philosophical. Also you get classes where they say this isn't rocket science, you passed that, this is hard, this is QED.

That's why I'm an engineer.  I absolutely love chemistry but I wanted a more hands on major.  

I considered a double major with Mathematics but as much as I love math i like to do things too much.  I definitely do more math than a Chemistry major though. 

 

I just hate physics.  Something about it doesn't sit well with me.

Thermite is a fun reaction.  Its very interesting for being such a simple reaction.  Plus the ability to melt through steel is pretty bad ass.

 

I wish fun stuff like that was more available for kids to see the awesome things you can do with chemistry, with out them going to jail.  To many people hate chemistry and physics.  I blame the public education system.  Its the same with math.  No one should hate math.  If you hate Algebra you just weren't taught it correctly.  

Algebra is life.  Its basic problem solving and reasoning.  I absolutely love algebra.  Calculus and above are fun too, but you have to be interested in them.

[blackadder]

That's why I'm an engineer. I absolutely love chemistry but I wanted a more hands on major.

I considered a double major with Mathematics but as much as I love math i like to do things too much. I definitely do more math than a Chemistry major though.

I just hate physics. Something about it doesn't sit well with me.

Thermite is a fun reaction. Its very interesting for being such a simple reaction. Plus the ability to melt through steel is pretty bad ass.

I wish fun stuff like that was more available for kids to see the awesome things you can do with chemistry, with out them going to jail. To many people hate chemistry and physics. I blame the public education system. Its the same with math. No one should hate math. If you hate Algebra you just weren't taught it correctly.

Algebra is life. Its basic problem solving and reasoning. I absolutely love algebra. Calculus and above are fun too, but you have to be interested in them.

you have a place in my heart. Algebra is great and you really must have a handle on it to advance, calculus is easy its the algebra that kills people. Lol i'm super skeptical of real numbers, i understand their usefulness but, infinite processes scare me. We need to reform our education system. They should teach math history too. What kind of engineer?

[rmac52]

you have a place in my heart. Algebra is great and you really must have a handle on it to advance, calculus is easy its the algebra that kills people. Lol i'm super skeptical of real numbers, i understand their usefulness but, infinite processes scare me. We need to reform our education system. They should teach math history too. What kind of engineer?

BioChemical Engineer.  Started as just Chemical Engineer but i  started working in a pharmacy and realized how interesting medicine is. 

 

You could make an argument for simply calling calculus, Algebra 4 and so on.  It really is just a few new ideas and a bunch of hard algebra.  IF you think about it, to solve a complicated trigonometric integral you do a bunch of algebra to make it a simple integral and then do some simple calculus.  I tutored my boss's kid in algebra and it appalled me how the teacher was going about teaching it.  Its such a beautiful thing and its being butchered when presented to the youth.  Its no wounder why people hate math.

 

 

I agree that math history is important but it should be taught separate from math itself.  I think that's were you lose some people.  They just don't care about the history and if you try to introduce Trigonometry with its history some people have already lost interest.  Honestly the history of math and science should be taught over ancient history.  The rise and fall of the Greek empire while interesting is irrelevant to general education.  The history of math and science however is valuable and should be more of the focus of history class.

That being said I am obviously biased on the topic.

 

Also sorry top the op for hijacking the thread.

[Delusional Phil]

-sniped-

 

 

-sniped-

 

I do agree ... No subject is hate-worthy , it's the way people teach and the Educational system ... I suck ... sort a ... a lot ... at Math But I want to improve it because Math is in everything . And Math History is important as well ... It makes it simplier to say out the formula's name then writing it out so people can understand ... ( I don't remember Mathematicians names either ) ... 

[blackadder]

I do agree ... No subject is hate-worthy , it's the way people teach and the Educational system ... I suck ... sort a ... a lot ... at Math But I want to improve it because Math is in everything . And Math History is important as well ... It makes it simplier to say out the formula's name then writing it out so people can understand ... ( I don't remember Mathematicians names either ) ... 

most of the time if you have a problem understanding something in math, some of the best and brightest had that same problem. we skip over the lifetimes it takes to fully understand something. i had the same problem and context always helped me. with the history you get to see how the problem evolved with time and how long it really takes. Euclid's elements were taught for something like 2000 years we are just now getting away from it, well 1800s onward. please check this professor out. does math history and famous math problems along with some higher level math. he believes in "Rationality" of math and you can clear see what his problems are with math and hows its taught now.  wow, we hijacked this thread. so op. i'll throw in a chemistry you tube channel too, you probably already seen it . 

Math(highly recommend)

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXl0Zbk8_rvjyLwAR-Xh9pQ

chemistry

 https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtESv1e7ntJaLJYKIO1FoYw

[Delusional Phil]

- sniped -

Yup . Already seen the Chemistry channel 

 

Math channel ... I calculated 493 videos . Estimated time of each video is about 30 minutes . I would take about = 14790 minutes = 246,5 hrs = 10 days ... But we all know it will take longer since nothing is perfect ... I got a project to regained my Math levels through the summer it seems ... It's hard enough to learn Math in my language ... Talking about English .. Wow ... i'm having google , Wiki and translate tabs on standby all the time it seems ... 

 

And wow ... We really did hijack a thread ...